Q.1 Statistics is primarily concerned with:
Qualitative data only
Quantitative data only
Collection, analysis, and interpretation of data
Mathematical proofs
Explanation - Statistics involves the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data to draw meaningful conclusions.
Correct answer is: Collection, analysis, and interpretation of data
Q.2 The word 'statistics' is derived from the Latin word:
Status
Statue
State
Static
Explanation - The word 'statistics' comes from the Latin word 'status', meaning state or condition.
Correct answer is: Status
Q.3 Which of the following is an example of primary data?
Census survey data
Government reports
Textbook information
Journal articles
Explanation - Primary data is collected firsthand by the researcher, such as through census surveys or questionnaires.
Correct answer is: Census survey data
Q.4 Which type of statistics deals with summarizing and describing data?
Inferential statistics
Descriptive statistics
Applied statistics
Mathematical statistics
Explanation - Descriptive statistics focuses on summarizing data using measures such as mean, median, mode, and graphical representation.
Correct answer is: Descriptive statistics
Q.5 The branch of statistics that involves drawing conclusions from sample data is:
Descriptive statistics
Inferential statistics
Comparative statistics
Qualitative statistics
Explanation - Inferential statistics uses sample data to make generalizations or predictions about a larger population.
Correct answer is: Inferential statistics
Q.6 A complete collection of all items under study is called:
Sample
Population
Statistic
Variable
Explanation - Population refers to the entire group of individuals or items under study in statistics.
Correct answer is: Population
Q.7 A part of the population selected for study is called:
Sample
Data
Variable
Parameter
Explanation - A sample is a subset of the population, chosen to represent the population in statistical analysis.
Correct answer is: Sample
Q.8 Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?
Mean
Median
Mode
Range
Explanation - Range is a measure of dispersion, not central tendency. Central tendency includes mean, median, and mode.
Correct answer is: Range
Q.9 What is the main objective of statistics?
To guess results
To collect information only
To present facts meaningfully
To confuse data users
Explanation - The objective of statistics is to present and interpret data meaningfully for decision-making.
Correct answer is: To present facts meaningfully
Q.10 Which of the following is an example of secondary data?
A survey conducted by yourself
Government census data
Questionnaire responses
Interview results
Explanation - Secondary data is data that is collected by others and used by researchers, such as census data or published reports.
Correct answer is: Government census data
Q.11 The numerical value calculated from a sample is called:
Statistic
Parameter
Variable
Population
Explanation - A statistic is a numerical measure describing some characteristic of a sample.
Correct answer is: Statistic
Q.12 The numerical value that describes a population is called:
Statistic
Variable
Parameter
Sample
Explanation - A parameter is a numerical measure describing some characteristic of a population.
Correct answer is: Parameter
Q.13 Qualitative data is also known as:
Categorical data
Numerical data
Discrete data
Continuous data
Explanation - Qualitative data describes categories or qualities and is also called categorical data.
Correct answer is: Categorical data
Q.14 Quantitative data can be classified into:
Ordinal and nominal
Discrete and continuous
Mean and median
Primary and secondary
Explanation - Quantitative data is numerical and can be classified into discrete (countable) and continuous (measurable) data.
Correct answer is: Discrete and continuous
Q.15 The data collected from a group of 50 students in a class is:
Sample
Population
Variable
Parameter
Explanation - If data is collected from all 50 students in the class, it represents a population.
Correct answer is: Population
Q.16 The height of students measured in centimeters is an example of:
Qualitative data
Quantitative continuous data
Quantitative discrete data
Categorical data
Explanation - Height is measurable and can take any value within a range, so it is continuous quantitative data.
Correct answer is: Quantitative continuous data
Q.17 Which of the following best defines 'variable'?
A fixed number
A characteristic that can take different values
A constant parameter
A descriptive report
Explanation - A variable is any characteristic, number, or quantity that can be measured or counted and can vary.
Correct answer is: A characteristic that can take different values
Q.18 Which is an example of discrete data?
Number of children in a family
Temperature of a city
Height of players
Weight of apples
Explanation - Discrete data takes distinct whole number values, such as the number of children.
Correct answer is: Number of children in a family
Q.19 The average marks of students in a class is a:
Parameter
Statistic
Variable
Sample
Explanation - When calculated from sample data, the average is a statistic; if from entire population, it is a parameter.
Correct answer is: Statistic
Q.20 Who is regarded as the father of modern statistics?
R.A. Fisher
Karl Pearson
Francis Galton
John Graunt
Explanation - Karl Pearson is regarded as the father of modern statistics due to his contributions to correlation and regression analysis.
Correct answer is: Karl Pearson
Q.21 Which of the following is NOT a function of statistics?
Simplifies complex data
Facilitates comparison
Establishes universal truths
Aids in decision-making
Explanation - Statistics deals with probabilities and trends, not universal or absolute truths.
Correct answer is: Establishes universal truths
Q.22 The process of selecting a sample from a population is called:
Classification
Tabulation
Sampling
Enumeration
Explanation - Sampling is the process of selecting a subset from the population for analysis.
Correct answer is: Sampling
Q.23 The first step in a statistical investigation is:
Analysis of data
Collection of data
Interpretation of data
Presentation of data
Explanation - The first step in a statistical investigation is the collection of relevant data.
Correct answer is: Collection of data
Q.24 The measure of dispersion that is the difference between the highest and lowest value is:
Standard deviation
Variance
Range
Quartile deviation
Explanation - Range is the simplest measure of dispersion, calculated as the difference between maximum and minimum values.
Correct answer is: Range
Q.25 Which of the following is a limitation of statistics?
Helps in decision-making
Deals with aggregates
Gives exact results in all cases
Simplifies data
Explanation - Statistics cannot provide exact results in all cases; it works on approximations and probabilities.
Correct answer is: Gives exact results in all cases