Q.1 Which of the following is the first step in statistical investigation?
Data Collection
Data Classification
Data Presentation
Data Analysis
Explanation - The process of any statistical investigation begins with the collection of data, which forms the basis for classification, presentation, and analysis.
Correct answer is: Data Collection
Q.2 Primary data refers to:
Data collected from newspapers
Data collected directly from the source
Data obtained from journals
Data available in government reports
Explanation - Primary data is first-hand data collected directly by the researcher from original sources through surveys, observations, or experiments.
Correct answer is: Data collected directly from the source
Q.3 Which of the following is an example of secondary data?
A survey conducted by you
Census report
Interview with a respondent
Direct experiment
Explanation - Secondary data refers to information collected by someone else and available in published sources like census reports, journals, or records.
Correct answer is: Census report
Q.4 The classification of data according to time is called:
Qualitative classification
Quantitative classification
Chronological classification
Geographical classification
Explanation - When data is classified based on time sequence, it is known as chronological classification, such as sales data over years.
Correct answer is: Chronological classification
Q.5 When data is grouped according to geographical location, it is called:
Chronological classification
Geographical classification
Qualitative classification
Quantitative classification
Explanation - Data grouped by place or region, such as state-wise production, is termed geographical classification.
Correct answer is: Geographical classification
Q.6 Which type of data is collected through interviews and questionnaires?
Primary data
Secondary data
Published data
Processed data
Explanation - Data collected directly through interviews, questionnaires, or surveys is primary data as it is firsthand information.
Correct answer is: Primary data
Q.7 A table showing population growth from 2000 to 2020 is an example of:
Geographical classification
Chronological classification
Quantitative classification
Qualitative classification
Explanation - Since the data is presented over different years, it is classified based on time, hence chronological.
Correct answer is: Chronological classification
Q.8 Qualitative classification of data is based on:
Attributes
Time
Place
Numbers
Explanation - Qualitative classification categorizes data on the basis of attributes or qualities such as gender, caste, or religion.
Correct answer is: Attributes
Q.9 Which of the following is NOT a method of primary data collection?
Observation
Questionnaire
Government report
Interview
Explanation - Government reports are already published and hence are secondary data, not primary data.
Correct answer is: Government report
Q.10 In statistics, data arranged in classes is called:
Raw data
Classified data
Grouped data
Individual data
Explanation - When raw data is organized into groups or classes, it becomes grouped data for easier interpretation.
Correct answer is: Grouped data
Q.11 Census method of data collection involves:
Studying part of the population
Studying entire population
Studying only samples
Studying only secondary sources
Explanation - In census method, data is collected for every unit of the population without leaving any element.
Correct answer is: Studying entire population
Q.12 The sample method of data collection involves:
Studying entire population
Studying a portion of population
Using only government data
Using only published data
Explanation - In sampling, only a representative portion of the population is studied to draw conclusions about the whole.
Correct answer is: Studying a portion of population
Q.13 Which classification divides data into classes like male/female?
Quantitative classification
Chronological classification
Qualitative classification
Geographical classification
Explanation - Division into male/female is based on an attribute, so it is qualitative classification.
Correct answer is: Qualitative classification
Q.14 Quantitative classification is based on:
Time
Attributes
Numerical values
Places
Explanation - When classification is done based on measurable variables like income, age, or marks, it is quantitative classification.
Correct answer is: Numerical values
Q.15 Which of these is a disadvantage of primary data?
More accurate
First-hand data
Time-consuming and costly
Specific purpose
Explanation - Though primary data is accurate, it requires more time and resources to collect.
Correct answer is: Time-consuming and costly
Q.16 Which of these is a secondary source of data?
Direct observation
Field survey
Trade journals
Interview
Explanation - Trade journals are published sources, hence they provide secondary data.
Correct answer is: Trade journals
Q.17 The arrangement of data into classes according to magnitude is called:
Chronological classification
Quantitative classification
Qualitative classification
Geographical classification
Explanation - Grouping data by numerical size such as age groups or income groups is quantitative classification.
Correct answer is: Quantitative classification
Q.18 The statistical term 'universe' refers to:
Sample of data
Entire population under study
Published sources
Grouped data
Explanation - In statistics, the universe (or population) includes all possible observations under consideration.
Correct answer is: Entire population under study
Q.19 Which of the following is a method of collecting primary data?
Census report
Textbooks
Questionnaire
Trade publications
Explanation - Questionnaires are directly used to collect first-hand information, making them a primary data source.
Correct answer is: Questionnaire
Q.20 The data collected by Indian Railways about passenger numbers is an example of:
Primary data
Secondary data
Derived data
Grouped data
Explanation - Since Indian Railways collects the data directly for its operations, it is primary data.
Correct answer is: Primary data
Q.21 Which of the following statements about secondary data is correct?
It is always more reliable than primary data
It is less expensive and less time-consuming
It is collected directly by the researcher
It is free from bias
Explanation - Secondary data is already collected by others, so it is relatively inexpensive and quick to obtain.
Correct answer is: It is less expensive and less time-consuming
Q.22 In which method of primary data collection are respondents observed without their knowledge?
Interview
Observation
Questionnaire
Experiment
Explanation - Observation involves collecting data by watching respondents’ behavior, sometimes without their awareness.
Correct answer is: Observation
Q.23 Which method of data collection is most suitable during illiteracy of respondents?
Questionnaire
Observation
Mailed survey
Telephone survey
Explanation - Observation method is useful when respondents cannot read or write, making questionnaires unsuitable.
Correct answer is: Observation
Q.24 When data is classified based on place of origin, it is called:
Chronological classification
Geographical classification
Qualitative classification
Numerical classification
Explanation - Grouping based on region, state, or country is geographical classification.
Correct answer is: Geographical classification
Q.25 The classification of data into rural and urban is an example of:
Quantitative classification
Qualitative classification
Chronological classification
Geographical classification
Explanation - Rural and urban are attributes, so this falls under qualitative classification.
Correct answer is: Qualitative classification