Q.1 What is the term used for the total number of people living in a country at a given time?
Population density
Population size
Population growth
Population distribution
Explanation - Population size refers to the total number of individuals living in a specific area or country at a given time.
Correct answer is: Population size
Q.2 Which of the following is considered a determinant of population growth?
Birth rate
Climate change
Land area
Technology patents
Explanation - Population growth is mainly influenced by birth rate, death rate, and migration.
Correct answer is: Birth rate
Q.3 The demographic transition model describes:
The changes in population over time due to birth and death rates
Migration patterns
Global trade flows
Technological adoption in agriculture
Explanation - The demographic transition model shows how population growth changes as a country develops economically, usually moving from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.
Correct answer is: The changes in population over time due to birth and death rates
Q.4 Which of the following regions has the highest population density?
Africa
Asia
Australia
Antarctica
Explanation - Asia has the highest population density due to large populations concentrated in countries like China and India.
Correct answer is: Asia
Q.5 What is the main consequence of a rapidly growing population in a developing country?
Abundant natural resources
Increased strain on infrastructure and resources
Reduced labor force
Lower demand for goods
Explanation - Rapid population growth often puts pressure on housing, healthcare, education, and other resources, especially in developing countries.
Correct answer is: Increased strain on infrastructure and resources
Q.6 Which term refers to the number of deaths per 1,000 individuals in a population per year?
Birth rate
Death rate
Fertility rate
Infant mortality rate
Explanation - Death rate is the measure of the number of deaths in a population, usually expressed per 1,000 individuals annually.
Correct answer is: Death rate
Q.7 Which factor is NOT typically associated with low population growth?
High literacy rates
Improved healthcare
High infant mortality
Family planning
Explanation - High infant mortality tends to increase population growth as families may have more children to offset child deaths.
Correct answer is: High infant mortality
Q.8 Which of the following is a measure of population density?
Number of people per square kilometer
Births per year
GDP per capita
Life expectancy
Explanation - Population density measures how crowded an area is, calculated as the number of people per unit area.
Correct answer is: Number of people per square kilometer
Q.9 What is the replacement fertility rate required to maintain a stable population?
2.1 children per woman
1.5 children per woman
3 children per woman
4 children per woman
Explanation - The replacement fertility rate is approximately 2.1 children per woman, which accounts for mortality rates and ensures a stable population.
Correct answer is: 2.1 children per woman
Q.10 Which population policy aims to reduce the birth rate?
Pro-natalist policy
Anti-natalist policy
Immigration policy
Urbanization policy
Explanation - Anti-natalist policies encourage smaller families through education, family planning, and incentives to reduce birth rates.
Correct answer is: Anti-natalist policy
Q.11 Which age group is referred to as the 'working-age population'?
0-14 years
15-64 years
65 years and above
All age groups
Explanation - The working-age population is generally considered to be individuals between 15 and 64 years, who are economically active.
Correct answer is: 15-64 years
Q.12 A population pyramid with a wide base indicates:
A declining population
A stable population
A young and growing population
An aging population
Explanation - A wide base of the population pyramid shows a high proportion of young people, suggesting rapid population growth.
Correct answer is: A young and growing population
Q.13 Which country is currently experiencing a negative population growth?
India
Japan
Nigeria
Brazil
Explanation - Japan has a negative population growth due to low birth rates and an aging population.
Correct answer is: Japan
Q.14 Life expectancy at birth refers to:
Average number of years a newborn is expected to live
Number of years to retirement
Years lived by the eldest in a population
Number of years to reach adulthood
Explanation - Life expectancy at birth is an indicator of health conditions in a country, showing the average lifespan of newborns.
Correct answer is: Average number of years a newborn is expected to live
Q.15 Which of the following is a social consequence of rapid population growth?
Higher literacy rates
Overcrowded schools and hospitals
Lower unemployment
Improved infrastructure
Explanation - Rapid population growth can lead to pressure on social services such as education and healthcare.
Correct answer is: Overcrowded schools and hospitals
Q.16 Urbanization is primarily driven by:
Rural-urban migration
High birth rates
Death rates
Fertility policies
Explanation - Urbanization increases as people migrate from rural to urban areas seeking better employment and living conditions.
Correct answer is: Rural-urban migration
Q.17 The dependency ratio measures:
Population per square kilometer
Ratio of dependents to working-age population
Birth rate divided by death rate
Urban population to rural population
Explanation - The dependency ratio indicates the proportion of young and elderly people dependent on the working-age population.
Correct answer is: Ratio of dependents to working-age population
Q.18 Which factor is likely to increase population density in a city?
Urban migration
Declining birth rate
High mortality rate
Outmigration
Explanation - Migration to cities increases population density, leading to crowded living conditions and greater demand for resources.
Correct answer is: Urban migration
Q.19 Which of the following best defines 'population distribution'?
The way people are spread over an area
Population growth over time
Number of births per 1,000 people
Average income per capita
Explanation - Population distribution describes how people are geographically spread in urban and rural areas.
Correct answer is: The way people are spread over an area
Q.20 Which of the following is an economic consequence of a high dependency ratio?
Lower savings rate and higher burden on working population
Higher productivity
Reduced healthcare costs
Higher labor force participation
Explanation - A high dependency ratio means fewer workers support more dependents, reducing savings and increasing economic pressure.
Correct answer is: Lower savings rate and higher burden on working population
Q.21 Which term refers to the movement of people from one country to another for permanent settlement?
Immigration
Emigration
Internal migration
Urbanization
Explanation - Immigration is the process of people moving into a country to live permanently.
Correct answer is: Immigration
Q.22 High fertility rates are often associated with:
Developed countries
Low-income, developing countries
Urbanized nations
Countries with strong family planning policies
Explanation - Developing countries often have higher fertility rates due to lower access to education, healthcare, and family planning.
Correct answer is: Low-income, developing countries
Q.23 Which of the following is a challenge of an aging population?
Labor shortages and higher pension costs
Overcrowded schools
High infant mortality
Rapid urbanization
Explanation - An aging population reduces the labor force and increases expenditures on pensions and healthcare.
Correct answer is: Labor shortages and higher pension costs
Q.24 Population momentum refers to:
Population continuing to grow despite low fertility rates
Migration trends
Immediate population decline
Births per 1,000 individuals
Explanation - Population momentum occurs because of a large proportion of young people, whose eventual childbearing maintains population growth even if fertility rates drop.
Correct answer is: Population continuing to grow despite low fertility rates