Q.1 Which of the following is a primary measure of economic development?
Literacy Rate
GDP per capita
Infant Mortality Rate
Human Development Index
Explanation - GDP per capita measures the average income per person and is a direct economic indicator of development.
Correct answer is: GDP per capita
Q.2 The Human Development Index (HDI) includes which three dimensions?
Income, Life Expectancy, Education
Income, Inflation, Employment
Literacy, Poverty, Health
GDP, GNP, Per Capita Income
Explanation - HDI combines income, life expectancy, and education to provide a broader measure of human development.
Correct answer is: Income, Life Expectancy, Education
Q.3 Which of the following indicates poor social development despite high economic growth?
High GDP, Low HDI
Low GDP, Low HDI
High HDI, High GDP
Moderate GDP, Moderate HDI
Explanation - A country may have high economic output but poor social indicators like health and education, leading to low HDI.
Correct answer is: High GDP, Low HDI
Q.4 Which indicator measures income distribution among a population?
Gini Coefficient
HDI
GDP Growth Rate
Infant Mortality Rate
Explanation - The Gini Coefficient quantifies inequality in income distribution, with 0 indicating perfect equality and 1 perfect inequality.
Correct answer is: Gini Coefficient
Q.5 Which of these measures focuses primarily on economic well-being?
Per Capita Income
Life Expectancy
Literacy Rate
HDI
Explanation - Per capita income indicates the average income of a person and reflects the economic well-being of a population.
Correct answer is: Per Capita Income
Q.6 The Gender Development Index (GDI) is used to measure:
Gender equality in development
Population growth
National income
Unemployment rate
Explanation - GDI adjusts HDI to account for gender disparities in health, education, and income.
Correct answer is: Gender equality in development
Q.7 Which of the following is a composite index of development?
HDI
GDP
Per Capita Income
Poverty Rate
Explanation - HDI combines health, education, and income indicators into a single measure of human development.
Correct answer is: HDI
Q.8 Which measure is commonly used to assess health development?
Life Expectancy at Birth
GDP per Capita
Literacy Rate
Gini Coefficient
Explanation - Life expectancy reflects the average years a person is expected to live, indicating health development.
Correct answer is: Life Expectancy at Birth
Q.9 Which of the following measures inequality in education?
Education Index
GDP
Infant Mortality Rate
Employment Rate
Explanation - The Education Index measures the average level of education and access to education, indicating educational development.
Correct answer is: Education Index
Q.10 Which measure combines social and economic indicators?
HDI
GDP
Gini Coefficient
Unemployment Rate
Explanation - HDI combines income, health, and education indicators to provide a multidimensional view of development.
Correct answer is: HDI
Q.11 Which of the following is considered a non-economic measure of development?
Literacy Rate
Per Capita Income
GDP Growth Rate
Investment Rate
Explanation - Literacy rate reflects social development by measuring the proportion of people who can read and write.
Correct answer is: Literacy Rate
Q.12 The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) measures:
Poverty based on health, education, and living standards
Income poverty only
Employment rate
GDP growth
Explanation - MPI captures multiple aspects of deprivation beyond income to assess poverty more comprehensively.
Correct answer is: Poverty based on health, education, and living standards
Q.13 Which of these is considered a limitation of GDP as a measure of development?
Does not consider income distribution
Does not reflect population size
Does not measure growth
Does not measure savings
Explanation - GDP measures total economic output but ignores inequalities, social indicators, and non-market activities.
Correct answer is: Does not consider income distribution
Q.14 Which index is used to compare gender disparities in human development?
GDI
HDI
GDP per Capita
Poverty Rate
Explanation - The Gender Development Index measures differences in achievements between men and women in health, education, and income.
Correct answer is: GDI
Q.15 Which of the following indicates improvements in both health and education simultaneously?
HDI
GDP per Capita
Gini Coefficient
Population Growth Rate
Explanation - HDI includes life expectancy and education indicators, capturing improvements in both dimensions.
Correct answer is: HDI
Q.16 Which of the following measures development through social well-being?
HDI
GDP
Investment Rate
Inflation Rate
Explanation - HDI focuses on human welfare through health, education, and income rather than just economic growth.
Correct answer is: HDI
Q.17 Infant Mortality Rate is an indicator of:
Health development
Economic growth
Income distribution
Educational attainment
Explanation - Infant Mortality Rate measures the number of deaths of infants under one year per 1,000 live births, reflecting healthcare quality.
Correct answer is: Health development
Q.18 Which of the following is an indicator of educational development?
Adult Literacy Rate
GDP Growth Rate
Inflation Rate
Life Expectancy
Explanation - Adult literacy rate indicates the proportion of adults who can read and write, reflecting education development.
Correct answer is: Adult Literacy Rate
Q.19 Which of the following indexes measures inequality across human development?
IHDI
GDP per Capita
HDI
Gini Coefficient
Explanation - The Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) adjusts HDI for inequality in health, education, and income.
Correct answer is: IHDI
Q.20 Which of the following is a limitation of HDI?
Does not capture income inequality directly
Does not measure life expectancy
Does not measure education
Does not include GDP
Explanation - HDI provides average achievements but does not reflect disparities unless adjusted (IHDI).
Correct answer is: Does not capture income inequality directly
Q.21 Which measure reflects both income and social progress?
HDI
GDP per Capita
Gini Coefficient
Inflation Rate
Explanation - HDI captures income (economic) and life expectancy & education (social) to measure overall development.
Correct answer is: HDI
Q.22 Which indicator measures material well-being of a population?
Per Capita Income
Life Expectancy
Literacy Rate
HDI
Explanation - Per capita income reflects the average economic resources available to individuals, indicating material well-being.
Correct answer is: Per Capita Income
Q.23 Which measure is widely used to compare human development across countries?
HDI
GDP
Gini Coefficient
Poverty Rate
Explanation - HDI allows comparison of countries by combining health, education, and income into a single index.
Correct answer is: HDI
Q.24 Which of the following measures development in terms of health outcomes?
Life Expectancy at Birth
GDP per Capita
Literacy Rate
Education Index
Explanation - Life expectancy indicates the average duration a person is expected to live, reflecting health status.
Correct answer is: Life Expectancy at Birth
Q.25 Which indicator is used to evaluate income poverty?
Poverty Headcount Ratio
HDI
Life Expectancy
Education Index
Explanation - Poverty headcount ratio measures the proportion of the population living below the poverty line.
Correct answer is: Poverty Headcount Ratio