Q.1 Which sector is often referred to as the backbone of developing economies?
Industry
Agriculture
Services
Banking
Explanation - Agriculture provides livelihood, food security, and raw materials, making it the backbone of many developing economies.
Correct answer is: Agriculture
Q.2 What is the main objective of rural development programs?
Increase industrial output
Urban infrastructure growth
Improve quality of life in rural areas
Encourage migration to cities
Explanation - Rural development programs aim to enhance living standards, reduce poverty, and improve access to basic services.
Correct answer is: Improve quality of life in rural areas
Q.3 Green Revolution in India is associated with the use of?
Organic farming
High-yielding variety seeds
Traditional farming tools
Water conservation methods
Explanation - The Green Revolution introduced high-yielding variety (HYV) seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation methods to increase production.
Correct answer is: High-yielding variety seeds
Q.4 Which crop was most influenced by the Green Revolution in India?
Wheat
Cotton
Tea
Sugarcane
Explanation - The Green Revolution had the maximum impact on wheat production, making India self-sufficient in food grains.
Correct answer is: Wheat
Q.5 Which of the following is NOT a component of rural development?
Employment generation
Agricultural growth
Urban infrastructure expansion
Education and health improvements
Explanation - Rural development focuses on villages, not urban expansion.
Correct answer is: Urban infrastructure expansion
Q.6 The term 'subsistence farming' refers to?
Farming for commercial purposes
Farming to meet family needs
Farming with modern technology
Farming for exports
Explanation - Subsistence farming is practiced mainly for self-consumption, not for market sale.
Correct answer is: Farming to meet family needs
Q.7 Which of the following programs in India aimed to provide rural employment?
MGNREGA
SEZ Policy
GST
FDI Policy
Explanation - The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) provides guaranteed wage employment in rural areas.
Correct answer is: MGNREGA
Q.8 Which sector contributes raw materials for many industries in developing countries?
Agriculture
Mining
Banking
Tourism
Explanation - Agriculture supplies raw materials like cotton, jute, sugarcane, and oilseeds to various industries.
Correct answer is: Agriculture
Q.9 Land reforms mainly aim to?
Increase urban population
Redistribute land to reduce inequality
Increase industrialization
Promote global trade
Explanation - Land reforms redistribute land from large landowners to landless farmers, ensuring equity and productivity.
Correct answer is: Redistribute land to reduce inequality
Q.10 Which irrigation method is most water-efficient?
Canal irrigation
Drip irrigation
Flood irrigation
Well irrigation
Explanation - Drip irrigation delivers water directly to plant roots, conserving water and improving yield.
Correct answer is: Drip irrigation
Q.11 Which factor is most critical for agricultural productivity?
Access to credit
Foreign investment
Urbanization
Luxury goods demand
Explanation - Credit helps farmers buy seeds, fertilizers, and equipment, directly boosting productivity.
Correct answer is: Access to credit
Q.12 Which institution supports rural credit in India?
NABARD
SEBI
IRDAI
RBI
Explanation - NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) provides financial and developmental support to rural areas.
Correct answer is: NABARD
Q.13 Crop diversification helps farmers by?
Reducing dependency on a single crop
Increasing dependency on monsoon
Reducing soil fertility
Focusing on only cash crops
Explanation - Crop diversification minimizes risks of crop failure and market fluctuations.
Correct answer is: Reducing dependency on a single crop
Q.14 Which is a major problem in rural development?
Urban crowding
Inadequate rural infrastructure
Excessive exports
High technology adoption
Explanation - Poor infrastructure like roads, electricity, and irrigation hinders rural development.
Correct answer is: Inadequate rural infrastructure
Q.15 Self-help groups (SHGs) are primarily associated with?
Large corporations
Microfinance and women empowerment
Foreign investment
Stock market trading
Explanation - SHGs pool savings and provide micro-loans, especially empowering rural women.
Correct answer is: Microfinance and women empowerment
Q.16 Which farming technique emphasizes using natural manure and avoiding chemicals?
Organic farming
Mixed farming
Shifting cultivation
Commercial farming
Explanation - Organic farming avoids synthetic chemicals, focusing on natural fertilizers and pest control.
Correct answer is: Organic farming
Q.17 The White Revolution in India is related to?
Rice production
Milk production
Cotton production
Oilseed production
Explanation - The White Revolution increased milk production, making India a leading milk producer.
Correct answer is: Milk production
Q.18 Which of these is a major challenge in rural credit?
High interest rates from moneylenders
Excess availability of credit
Lack of urban borrowers
Too many banks in rural areas
Explanation - Farmers often depend on moneylenders who charge high interest rates, creating debt cycles.
Correct answer is: High interest rates from moneylenders
Q.19 Which sector absorbs the largest share of rural workforce in India?
Services
Industry
Agriculture
Trade
Explanation - Agriculture employs the majority of rural population, though productivity remains low.
Correct answer is: Agriculture
Q.20 Which program was launched for integrated rural development in India?
IRDP
SEZ
FDI Policy
GST
Explanation - The Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) aimed to provide assets and credit support to the rural poor.
Correct answer is: IRDP
Q.21 Which natural factor heavily influences Indian agriculture?
Monsoon
Urbanization
Foreign trade
Globalization
Explanation - Indian agriculture is heavily dependent on monsoon rains due to limited irrigation.
Correct answer is: Monsoon
Q.22 Which revolution is linked with fish production in India?
Blue Revolution
White Revolution
Green Revolution
Yellow Revolution
Explanation - The Blue Revolution refers to the rapid increase in fish production and aquaculture.
Correct answer is: Blue Revolution
Q.23 What is the primary aim of agricultural subsidies?
Increase farmer income
Encourage urban migration
Promote luxury crops
Reduce exports
Explanation - Subsidies help reduce input costs and improve farmers' profitability.
Correct answer is: Increase farmer income
Q.24 Which practice helps conserve soil fertility?
Crop rotation
Over-irrigation
Monocropping
Excess fertilizer use
Explanation - Crop rotation prevents soil depletion and improves fertility naturally.
Correct answer is: Crop rotation
Q.25 Which is a common feature of rural poverty?
Low productivity and unemployment
High industrialization
Excess foreign trade
High wages
Explanation - Rural poverty is often linked with lack of employment opportunities and low farm productivity.
Correct answer is: Low productivity and unemployment