Q.1 Which theory argues that gender is a result of social learning through reinforcement and modeling?
Biological Determinism
Social Learning Theory
Postmodern Theory
Queer Theory
Explanation - Social Learning Theory emphasizes that children learn gender roles through imitation, reinforcement, and observation of societal behaviors.
Correct answer is: Social Learning Theory
Q.2 According to Simone de Beauvoir, what makes one 'become a woman'?
Biology
Social Construction
Religious Beliefs
Innate Nature
Explanation - Simone de Beauvoir argued in 'The Second Sex' that 'One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman,' highlighting the social construction of gender.
Correct answer is: Social Construction
Q.3 Which theory critiques the binary understanding of gender?
Functionalist Theory
Queer Theory
Biological Theory
Conflict Theory
Explanation - Queer Theory challenges the rigid binary of male/female and heterosexual/homosexual categories, emphasizing fluidity.
Correct answer is: Queer Theory
Q.4 Who is most associated with the concept of 'gender performativity'?
Michel Foucault
Judith Butler
Talcott Parsons
Gayle Rubin
Explanation - Judith Butler introduced the concept of gender performativity, suggesting that gender is constituted through repeated acts and behaviors.
Correct answer is: Judith Butler
Q.5 Which theory emphasizes that gender roles help maintain social stability?
Conflict Theory
Functionalist Theory
Postmodern Theory
Queer Theory
Explanation - Functionalist Theory views gender roles as essential for the stability and functioning of society.
Correct answer is: Functionalist Theory
Q.6 In Conflict Theory, gender inequality is seen as a result of:
Cultural Preferences
Power Struggles
Natural Differences
Personal Choice
Explanation - Conflict Theory sees gender inequality as rooted in struggles over resources and power, often favoring men over women.
Correct answer is: Power Struggles
Q.7 Which feminist theory critiques the focus on gender alone without considering race and class?
Liberal Feminism
Intersectional Feminism
Radical Feminism
Marxist Feminism
Explanation - Intersectional Feminism highlights how overlapping identities like race, class, and sexuality shape gender inequality.
Correct answer is: Intersectional Feminism
Q.8 Marxist Feminism views women’s oppression primarily through:
Psychology
Capitalism
Biology
Religion
Explanation - Marxist Feminists argue that capitalism exploits women through unpaid domestic labor and unequal work conditions.
Correct answer is: Capitalism
Q.9 Which theory asserts that men benefit from maintaining a system of gender inequality?
Functionalism
Radical Feminism
Symbolic Interactionism
Postmodernism
Explanation - Radical Feminism argues that patriarchy is a system where men, as a class, benefit from women’s subordination.
Correct answer is: Radical Feminism
Q.10 Which perspective focuses on everyday interactions that construct gender identity?
Functionalist Perspective
Symbolic Interactionism
Marxist Feminism
Queer Theory
Explanation - Symbolic Interactionism examines how individuals 'do gender' through daily interactions and social meanings.
Correct answer is: Symbolic Interactionism
Q.11 What does 'hegemonic masculinity' refer to?
The most dominant form of masculinity
A biological male trait
A feminist critique
Gender equality
Explanation - Hegemonic masculinity is the culturally dominant form of masculinity that legitimizes men’s dominance over women.
Correct answer is: The most dominant form of masculinity
Q.12 Which feminist theory emphasizes equal opportunities within existing systems?
Liberal Feminism
Radical Feminism
Marxist Feminism
Ecofeminism
Explanation - Liberal Feminists advocate for reforms in laws and policies to ensure equal opportunities for women.
Correct answer is: Liberal Feminism
Q.13 Gayle Rubin is known for her work on:
The Sex/Gender System
Gender Performativity
Intersectionality
Queer Theory
Explanation - Gayle Rubin introduced the concept of the sex/gender system, analyzing how societies transform biological sex into gender roles.
Correct answer is: The Sex/Gender System
Q.14 Which theory links patriarchy with environmental exploitation?
Liberal Feminism
Ecofeminism
Queer Theory
Social Learning Theory
Explanation - Ecofeminism argues that the domination of women and exploitation of nature are interconnected.
Correct answer is: Ecofeminism
Q.15 According to Freud, gender identity develops through:
Socialization
Psychosexual Stages
Biological Evolution
Economic Systems
Explanation - Freud suggested that gender identity is shaped through psychosexual development during early childhood.
Correct answer is: Psychosexual Stages
Q.16 Which perspective argues that gender is continuously renegotiated in interactions?
Symbolic Interactionism
Structural Functionalism
Radical Feminism
Biological Determinism
Explanation - Symbolic Interactionists emphasize that gender roles are not fixed but constantly produced and reproduced in social contexts.
Correct answer is: Symbolic Interactionism
Q.17 Postmodern theories of gender emphasize:
Essential differences
Fluidity and diversity
Fixed binary roles
Economic exploitation
Explanation - Postmodernism rejects fixed categories, emphasizing fragmented, fluid, and diverse gender identities.
Correct answer is: Fluidity and diversity
Q.18 The concept of 'patriarchy' in gender theory refers to:
Female-dominated systems
Male-dominated systems
Equal gender roles
Religious traditions
Explanation - Patriarchy describes a system where men hold power and women are subordinated.
Correct answer is: Male-dominated systems
Q.19 Which theory critiques the assumption that biology alone determines gender?
Biological Determinism
Social Constructionism
Functionalism
Queer Theory
Explanation - Social Constructionism argues that gender is a product of cultural and social processes, not just biology.
Correct answer is: Social Constructionism
Q.20 Who introduced the concept of 'doing gender'?
West and Zimmerman
Judith Butler
Simone de Beauvoir
Michel Foucault
Explanation - West and Zimmerman proposed 'doing gender,' meaning gender is enacted through everyday behaviors and interactions.
Correct answer is: West and Zimmerman
Q.21 Which feminist perspective views marriage and family as tools of women’s oppression?
Liberal Feminism
Radical Feminism
Intersectional Feminism
Ecofeminism
Explanation - Radical Feminists argue that traditional institutions like marriage perpetuate patriarchy and women’s subordination.
Correct answer is: Radical Feminism
Q.22 Which theory uses discourse analysis to study gender?
Functionalism
Poststructuralism
Biological Determinism
Marxist Feminism
Explanation - Poststructuralist theories analyze how language and discourse shape and construct gender identities.
Correct answer is: Poststructuralism
Q.23 Which term describes overlapping systems of oppression like gender, race, and class?
Patriarchy
Intersectionality
Hegemony
Performativity
Explanation - Intersectionality, coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw, examines how different forms of oppression intersect to shape experiences.
Correct answer is: Intersectionality
Q.24 Which theory argues that gender is a category of power similar to class and race?
Functionalism
Conflict Theory
Postmodernism
Queer Theory
Explanation - Conflict Theory analyzes gender as a power relation, similar to class and race struggles.
Correct answer is: Conflict Theory
Q.25 Which theory rejects the idea of universal truths about gender?
Functionalism
Postmodernism
Symbolic Interactionism
Biological Determinism
Explanation - Postmodern theories emphasize diversity and reject universal claims about gender or identity.
Correct answer is: Postmodernism