Q.1 What does the term 'sexual orientation' refer to?
A person's romantic or sexual attraction to others
A person's gender identity
A person's sexual behavior only
A legal classification of sexuality
Explanation - Sexual orientation describes patterns of emotional, romantic, or sexual attraction to others, such as heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual orientations.
Correct answer is: A person's romantic or sexual attraction to others
Q.2 Which sociologist argued that sexuality is socially constructed rather than purely biological?
Michel Foucault
Émile Durkheim
Max Weber
Herbert Spencer
Explanation - Foucault emphasized that sexuality is shaped by social, cultural, and historical contexts rather than being solely determined by biology.
Correct answer is: Michel Foucault
Q.3 What is the main focus of queer theory in sociology?
Challenging normative ideas of sexuality and gender
Studying biological differences between sexes
Promoting a single sexual identity
Examining only heterosexual relationships
Explanation - Queer theory critiques established norms around sexuality and gender, emphasizing fluidity and the diversity of experiences.
Correct answer is: Challenging normative ideas of sexuality and gender
Q.4 Which term describes discrimination based on sexual orientation?
Heteronormativity
Homophobia
Sexual liberation
Gender performativity
Explanation - Homophobia refers to prejudice, fear, or discrimination against individuals based on their sexual orientation, particularly against LGBTQ+ people.
Correct answer is: Homophobia
Q.5 What does 'heteronormativity' imply in a society?
That heterosexuality is considered the default or normal sexual orientation
That all genders are equally represented
That sexuality is irrelevant to society
That only queer identities are valid
Explanation - Heteronormativity assumes heterosexuality is the standard, shaping social institutions and cultural expectations.
Correct answer is: That heterosexuality is considered the default or normal sexual orientation
Q.6 The Kinsey scale measures:
Gender identity
Sexual orientation on a spectrum
Cultural attitudes toward sexuality
Biological sex differences
Explanation - Alfred Kinsey developed a scale ranging from 0 (exclusively heterosexual) to 6 (exclusively homosexual) to show that sexual orientation exists on a continuum.
Correct answer is: Sexual orientation on a spectrum
Q.7 Which concept refers to the societal expectation that men and women should adhere to traditional gender roles in sexual behavior?
Gender performativity
Sexual scripts
Queer theory
Intersectionality
Explanation - Sexual scripts are socially constructed guidelines that dictate acceptable sexual behavior according to gender norms.
Correct answer is: Sexual scripts
Q.8 Which of the following best illustrates intersectionality in studies of sexuality?
Examining how race, gender, and sexuality interact to shape experiences
Studying only one aspect of sexual identity
Focusing solely on heterosexual norms
Ignoring social context
Explanation - Intersectionality highlights how multiple social identities overlap, affecting how individuals experience discrimination and privilege.
Correct answer is: Examining how race, gender, and sexuality interact to shape experiences
Q.9 What does 'coming out' refer to in LGBTQ+ communities?
Revealing one's sexual orientation or gender identity publicly
Changing sexual orientation
Adopting societal norms
Entering marriage legally
Explanation - 'Coming out' is the process of openly sharing one’s sexual orientation or gender identity with others, often as a means of self-affirmation.
Correct answer is: Revealing one's sexual orientation or gender identity publicly
Q.10 Which term is used for sexual attraction to both men and women?
Homosexual
Bisexual
Asexual
Pansexual
Explanation - Bisexuality refers to sexual attraction to more than one gender, typically both men and women.
Correct answer is: Bisexual
Q.11 What is the main critique of the traditional biomedical model of sexuality?
It reduces sexuality to biological and medical terms, ignoring social and cultural factors
It focuses on cultural norms exclusively
It emphasizes queer theory over biology
It studies only heterosexual reproduction
Explanation - The biomedical model often neglects the social, cultural, and psychological dimensions of sexual behavior and identity.
Correct answer is: It reduces sexuality to biological and medical terms, ignoring social and cultural factors
Q.12 Which of the following is an example of sexual minority stress?
Experiencing anxiety due to societal stigma against LGBTQ+ individuals
Celebrating diversity in a community event
Discussing sexual orientation in class
Reading about sexuality in textbooks
Explanation - Sexual minority stress theory explains how prejudice, discrimination, and stigma negatively affect the mental health of LGBTQ+ individuals.
Correct answer is: Experiencing anxiety due to societal stigma against LGBTQ+ individuals
Q.13 Which term refers to the social and cultural expectations about how men and women should behave sexually?
Sexual norms
Sexual liberation
Sexual orientation
Sexual fluidity
Explanation - Sexual norms define what is considered acceptable sexual behavior within a society and vary across cultures and historical periods.
Correct answer is: Sexual norms
Q.14 The concept of 'sexual fluidity' suggests that:
Sexual attraction can change over time
Sexual orientation is fixed from birth
All people are either heterosexual or homosexual
Society strictly defines sexual roles
Explanation - Sexual fluidity recognizes that individuals’ attractions can vary throughout life and are influenced by experiences and context.
Correct answer is: Sexual attraction can change over time
Q.15 Which of the following is a key idea of Foucault’s 'History of Sexuality'?
Power relations shape how societies understand sexuality
Sexuality is purely biological
Gender equality has no connection with sexuality
Sexual behavior is natural and unregulated
Explanation - Foucault argued that sexuality is intertwined with power structures, discourses, and social institutions, not just individual behavior.
Correct answer is: Power relations shape how societies understand sexuality
Q.16 What is 'heterosexual privilege'?
Advantages experienced by heterosexual individuals in society
A legal term for marriage
A type of sexual orientation
A cultural event celebrating heterosexuality
Explanation - Heterosexual privilege refers to social, legal, and cultural benefits that heterosexual individuals enjoy simply because their sexual orientation aligns with societal norms.
Correct answer is: Advantages experienced by heterosexual individuals in society
Q.17 Which approach emphasizes that sexual meanings are learned through social interaction?
Symbolic interactionism
Structural functionalism
Conflict theory
Evolutionary psychology
Explanation - Symbolic interactionism focuses on how individuals construct meanings, including sexuality, through daily interactions and socialization.
Correct answer is: Symbolic interactionism
Q.18 Which of the following describes 'asexuality'?
Experiencing little or no sexual attraction to others
Being attracted to both men and women
Identifying as transgender
Engaging in frequent sexual activity
Explanation - Asexuality is a sexual orientation where individuals experience minimal or no sexual attraction toward others.
Correct answer is: Experiencing little or no sexual attraction to others
Q.19 What is the main goal of sexual rights advocacy?
To ensure individuals have autonomy and freedom regarding sexual and reproductive choices
To enforce traditional sexual norms
To promote heterosexuality
To eliminate all discussion of sexuality
Explanation - Sexual rights advocacy emphasizes bodily autonomy, informed consent, and freedom from discrimination in matters of sexuality.
Correct answer is: To ensure individuals have autonomy and freedom regarding sexual and reproductive choices
Q.20 Which sociological perspective would focus on how laws, institutions, and policies affect sexual behavior?
Conflict theory
Symbolic interactionism
Queer theory
Psychoanalysis
Explanation - Conflict theory examines how power, inequality, and institutional structures shape social life, including regulation of sexuality.
Correct answer is: Conflict theory
Q.21 What is 'sexual socialization'?
The process by which individuals learn cultural norms and behaviors regarding sexuality
A biological function
An adult-only practice
A legal system
Explanation - Sexual socialization involves learning attitudes, beliefs, and practices about sexuality from family, peers, media, and society.
Correct answer is: The process by which individuals learn cultural norms and behaviors regarding sexuality
Q.22 Which of the following best defines 'pansexuality'?
Attraction regardless of gender
Attraction only to the opposite sex
Attraction to the same sex only
Lack of sexual attraction
Explanation - Pansexuality refers to sexual, romantic, or emotional attraction to people regardless of their gender identity.
Correct answer is: Attraction regardless of gender
Q.23 Which of the following statements is central to feminist critiques of sexuality?
Sexuality is influenced by patriarchal power structures
Sexuality is purely biological and natural
Sexuality should only be studied in men
All sexual behavior is inherently equal
Explanation - Feminist theories highlight how gendered power imbalances shape sexual norms, behavior, and experiences, often privileging men over women.
Correct answer is: Sexuality is influenced by patriarchal power structures
Q.24 Which of the following best describes 'heterosexual-homosexual binary'?
The idea that all people must be either heterosexual or homosexual
A legal definition of sexuality
A type of sexual orientation
A social movement
Explanation - This binary oversimplifies sexual diversity and ignores identities like bisexual, pansexual, or asexual, and challenges by queer theory.
Correct answer is: The idea that all people must be either heterosexual or homosexual
Q.25 Which of the following is an example of a structural factor influencing sexuality?
Cultural norms, laws, and religious teachings
Individual sexual attraction
Personal fantasies
Genetic predisposition
Explanation - Structural factors shape the social context in which sexuality is expressed, regulated, or restricted.
Correct answer is: Cultural norms, laws, and religious teachings