Q.1 Which of the following best describes the concept of 'gender stereotyping' in media?
Portraying all genders equally in media content
Assigning specific roles and characteristics to genders in media
Avoiding gender-related topics in media
Promoting only male characters in all media
Explanation - Gender stereotyping in media refers to representing genders in limited, fixed ways, often reinforcing societal norms about how men and women should behave.
Correct answer is: Assigning specific roles and characteristics to genders in media
Q.2 What is the main focus of feminist media studies?
Analyzing the portrayal of different social classes
Critiquing the representation of gender in media
Studying economic aspects of media production
Investigating the impact of technology on communication
Explanation - Feminist media studies focus on how media represents gender, often highlighting inequalities and challenging patriarchal portrayals.
Correct answer is: Critiquing the representation of gender in media
Q.3 Which term refers to media content that reinforces traditional gender roles?
Gender-neutral media
Gender mainstreaming
Gendered media
Post-gender media
Explanation - Gendered media often portrays men and women in stereotypical roles, reinforcing existing societal expectations.
Correct answer is: Gendered media
Q.4 Which media theory examines how audiences actively interpret media messages?
Cultivation Theory
Reception Theory
Agenda Setting Theory
Uses and Gratifications Theory
Explanation - Reception Theory emphasizes that audiences interpret media texts in diverse ways based on their own social and cultural contexts.
Correct answer is: Reception Theory
Q.5 The Bechdel Test is used to evaluate media based on:
Screen time of male characters
Presence of women in leading roles
Interaction between two named female characters
Number of action scenes in media
Explanation - The Bechdel Test assesses whether a media work features at least two women who talk to each other about something other than a man.
Correct answer is: Interaction between two named female characters
Q.6 Which of the following is an example of objectification of women in media?
Highlighting women’s achievements
Focusing solely on women's physical appearance
Including women in leadership roles
Portraying women in diverse professions
Explanation - Objectification occurs when women are reduced to their bodies or appearance, ignoring their skills or agency.
Correct answer is: Focusing solely on women's physical appearance
Q.7 What role does media play in the social construction of gender?
It solely reflects existing gender norms
It has no impact on gender perceptions
It helps shape and reinforce societal gender expectations
It eliminates gender differences
Explanation - Media contributes to the social construction of gender by portraying norms, behaviors, and roles associated with men and women.
Correct answer is: It helps shape and reinforce societal gender expectations
Q.8 Which term refers to the representation of women primarily as sexual objects in media?
Empowerment
Sexualization
Subversion
Gender neutrality
Explanation - Sexualization occurs when media presents women mainly for sexual appeal, ignoring other dimensions of identity.
Correct answer is: Sexualization
Q.9 Which of these media genres has been critiqued for consistently underrepresenting women?
Romantic comedies
Action films
Documentaries
Animated films
Explanation - Action films often focus on male protagonists and marginalize female characters, leading to gender imbalance in representation.
Correct answer is: Action films
Q.10 What is 'symbolic annihilation' in the context of media studies?
Celebrating minority groups in media
Underrepresentation or misrepresentation of a group in media
A technique used in special effects
Erasing violent content from media
Explanation - Symbolic annihilation refers to the absence, trivialization, or misrepresentation of certain groups, especially women, in media.
Correct answer is: Underrepresentation or misrepresentation of a group in media
Q.11 Which of the following scholars is closely associated with feminist media theory?
Marshall McLuhan
Laura Mulvey
Noam Chomsky
Stuart Hall
Explanation - Laura Mulvey is known for her work on the 'male gaze' and feminist film theory, analyzing how cinema represents women.
Correct answer is: Laura Mulvey
Q.12 The 'male gaze' theory suggests that:
Media content is always gender-neutral
Films are made primarily for male visual pleasure
Women dominate the film industry
Audiences ignore gender representation
Explanation - The 'male gaze' posits that cinematic techniques often frame women as objects of male desire, shaping audience perspectives.
Correct answer is: Films are made primarily for male visual pleasure
Q.13 Which of these is an example of positive representation of gender in media?
Portraying women only as homemakers
Featuring diverse female characters in leadership roles
Focusing solely on male characters in all storylines
Reducing female characters to romantic interests
Explanation - Positive representation challenges stereotypes and shows women in complex, empowered roles.
Correct answer is: Featuring diverse female characters in leadership roles
Q.14 Which type of media content is most often analyzed for gender bias?
News media, films, and advertisements
Weather reports only
Sports statistics databases
Traffic updates
Explanation - These media forms are influential in shaping public perceptions of gender roles and are thus frequently studied for bias.
Correct answer is: News media, films, and advertisements
Q.15 How does social media impact gender representation?
It always reinforces traditional gender norms
It offers platforms for diverse gender voices
It eliminates the need to study media
It restricts women from sharing opinions
Explanation - Social media allows marginalized and diverse gender identities to gain visibility and challenge traditional media portrayals.
Correct answer is: It offers platforms for diverse gender voices
Q.16 Which concept explains that media can normalize gender inequality by repeated patterns?
Cultivation Theory
Reception Theory
Gatekeeping Theory
Framing Theory
Explanation - Cultivation Theory suggests that long-term exposure to media shapes audiences' perceptions of social reality, including gender norms.
Correct answer is: Cultivation Theory
Q.17 Advertising often reinforces gender roles by:
Portraying both genders in diverse ways
Using stereotypes to sell products
Avoiding gender-specific imagery
Promoting only educational content
Explanation - Advertisements frequently depict men and women in stereotypical ways, influencing societal expectations.
Correct answer is: Using stereotypes to sell products
Q.18 Which of these media portrayals challenges traditional gender norms?
A female superhero leading a team
Women only shown shopping
Men always shown as breadwinners
Female characters only in romantic subplots
Explanation - This type of portrayal empowers women and breaks conventional gender expectations.
Correct answer is: A female superhero leading a team
Q.19 Which term refers to the invisible shaping of media content by social and cultural norms?
Censorship
Media framing
Gender coding
Algorithmic bias
Explanation - Gender coding is the subtle assignment of roles, behaviors, and appearances in media according to gender norms.
Correct answer is: Gender coding
Q.20 How do animated films sometimes contribute to gender stereotyping?
By depicting men and women in equal roles
By consistently portraying princesses in passive roles
By including diverse characters with leadership roles
By avoiding gender-specific traits
Explanation - Animated films often reinforce traditional roles, such as passive female characters and heroic male characters.
Correct answer is: By consistently portraying princesses in passive roles
Q.21 Which of the following describes the impact of media on young girls' body image?
Media has no influence on body image
Media encourages realistic body standards
Media can create unrealistic beauty ideals
Media only affects boys
Explanation - Exposure to idealized images in media can negatively affect girls' self-esteem and body perception.
Correct answer is: Media can create unrealistic beauty ideals
Q.22 Which is a method to assess gender representation in media content?
Content analysis
Random guessing
Financial auditing
Programming
Explanation - Content analysis is a systematic method for examining media texts to identify patterns of gender representation.
Correct answer is: Content analysis
Q.23 Which of these best illustrates intersectional analysis in media?
Analyzing women characters only
Studying gender along with race, class, and sexuality in media portrayals
Focusing solely on male heroes
Ignoring social context of media
Explanation - Intersectional analysis considers multiple identities and how they affect representation and experience in media.
Correct answer is: Studying gender along with race, class, and sexuality in media portrayals
Q.24 Which of the following best describes the 'glass ceiling' in media professions?
A transparent studio ceiling
Invisible barriers limiting women’s advancement in media careers
Equal opportunities for men and women
Promotion based on merit only
Explanation - The 'glass ceiling' refers to unseen obstacles that prevent women from reaching leadership roles, even if they are qualified.
Correct answer is: Invisible barriers limiting women’s advancement in media careers