Q.1 Who is often referred to as the 'mother of feminism' for her early writings advocating women's rights in France?
Mary Wollstonecraft
Simone de Beauvoir
Olympe de Gouges
Virginia Woolf
Explanation - Olympe de Gouges wrote the 'Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen' in 1791, challenging the French Revolution to extend rights to women.
Correct answer is: Olympe de Gouges
Q.2 Which book by Mary Wollstonecraft is considered one of the earliest works of feminist philosophy?
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
The Second Sex
Women, Race, & Class
The Feminine Mystique
Explanation - Published in 1792, Wollstonecraft's book argued that women are not naturally inferior to men and advocated for their education.
Correct answer is: A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
Q.3 Which wave of feminism is associated with women's suffrage and political rights in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
First Wave Feminism
Second Wave Feminism
Third Wave Feminism
Fourth Wave Feminism
Explanation - First-wave feminism focused primarily on legal issues, especially gaining the right to vote for women.
Correct answer is: First Wave Feminism
Q.4 Who wrote 'The Second Sex', a foundational text in modern feminist theory?
Betty Friedan
Simone de Beauvoir
Gloria Steinem
bell hooks
Explanation - Published in 1949, 'The Second Sex' analyzed women's oppression and became a key work for existentialist feminism.
Correct answer is: Simone de Beauvoir
Q.5 Which movement in the 1960s and 1970s focused on gender equality in workplace, education, and reproductive rights?
First Wave Feminism
Second Wave Feminism
Third Wave Feminism
Liberal Feminism
Explanation - Second-wave feminism expanded the debate to social, cultural, and political inequalities beyond suffrage.
Correct answer is: Second Wave Feminism
Q.6 Who was a leading figure in the American women's suffrage movement and co-founded the National Woman Suffrage Association?
Susan B. Anthony
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Sojourner Truth
Alice Paul
Explanation - Stanton was a primary author of the Declaration of Sentiments (1848) and a pioneer in the fight for women's rights in the U.S.
Correct answer is: Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Q.7 Which term describes the recognition of multiple intersecting social identities and oppressions in feminist theory?
Intersectionality
Patriarchy
Gender mainstreaming
Matriarchy
Explanation - Coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw, intersectionality highlights how race, class, gender, and other identities overlap in systems of oppression.
Correct answer is: Intersectionality
Q.8 Who wrote 'The Feminine Mystique', credited with sparking the second-wave feminist movement in the United States?
Betty Friedan
Gloria Steinem
Audre Lorde
Simone de Beauvoir
Explanation - Published in 1963, it criticized the idealized domestic role of women and inspired widespread activism.
Correct answer is: Betty Friedan
Q.9 Which 19th-century activist is famous for her speech 'Ain't I a Woman?' addressing both gender and racial inequality?
Susan B. Anthony
Sojourner Truth
Harriet Tubman
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Explanation - Delivered in 1851, her speech emphasized that women of color were marginalized both by race and gender.
Correct answer is: Sojourner Truth
Q.10 What was the main focus of the third-wave feminist movement in the 1990s?
Suffrage rights
Workplace equality
Individual identity and diversity
Legal reforms
Explanation - Third-wave feminism emphasized intersectionality, personal empowerment, and challenging gender norms.
Correct answer is: Individual identity and diversity
Q.11 Which feminist theorist highlighted the concept of 'patriarchy' as a systemic societal structure?
Simone de Beauvoir
Kate Millett
bell hooks
Judith Butler
Explanation - In her 1970 book 'Sexual Politics', Millett analyzed patriarchy in literature, culture, and politics.
Correct answer is: Kate Millett
Q.12 Which movement is characterized by using digital tools and social media to advocate for gender equality?
Fourth Wave Feminism
Second Wave Feminism
Third Wave Feminism
First Wave Feminism
Explanation - Emerging around 2012, fourth-wave feminism leverages online platforms to address harassment, body positivity, and equality.
Correct answer is: Fourth Wave Feminism
Q.13 Who was a key figure in both the abolitionist movement and early women's rights movement in the U.S.?
Susan B. Anthony
Harriet Tubman
Sojourner Truth
Alice Paul
Explanation - Truth's activism encompassed both the fight against slavery and advocacy for women's rights in the 19th century.
Correct answer is: Sojourner Truth
Q.14 Which international document, adopted in 1979, aimed at eliminating discrimination against women worldwide?
Beijing Declaration
CEDAW
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Declaration of Sentiments
Explanation - The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) is often described as an international bill of rights for women.
Correct answer is: CEDAW
Q.15 Which feminist thinker introduced the concept of 'gender performativity'?
bell hooks
Judith Butler
Gloria Steinem
Simone de Beauvoir
Explanation - Butler argued that gender is performed through repeated behaviors and societal norms rather than being innate.
Correct answer is: Judith Butler
Q.16 Which organization, founded in 1966, became central to the feminist movement in the U.S. advocating for legal and social reforms?
NOW (National Organization for Women)
UN Women
Women's Social and Political Union
League of Women Voters
Explanation - NOW aimed to bring women into full participation in American society, especially in employment, education, and politics.
Correct answer is: NOW (National Organization for Women)
Q.17 Which feminist writer emphasized the interconnectedness of race, class, and gender oppression in works like 'Ain't I a Woman?' and later texts?
bell hooks
Simone de Beauvoir
Kate Millett
Betty Friedan
Explanation - bell hooks analyzed how systemic inequalities affect women differently depending on race and class.
Correct answer is: bell hooks
Q.18 Which British suffragette organization was known for militant tactics in the early 20th century?
WSPU (Women's Social and Political Union)
NUWSS (National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies)
Fawcett Society
Equality Now
Explanation - Led by Emmeline Pankhurst, the WSPU used protests, hunger strikes, and civil disobedience to push for women's voting rights.
Correct answer is: WSPU (Women's Social and Political Union)
Q.19 Who was a key feminist activist and journalist in the 1970s, co-founding Ms. Magazine?
Gloria Steinem
Betty Friedan
Audre Lorde
Susan B. Anthony
Explanation - Steinem played a significant role in raising awareness of feminist issues through journalism and activism.
Correct answer is: Gloria Steinem
Q.20 Which term describes the belief that men and women should have equal political, economic, and social rights?
Feminism
Patriarchy
Matriarchy
Sexism
Explanation - Feminism is the movement and ideology advocating for equality between genders in all spheres of life.
Correct answer is: Feminism
Q.21 Which 20th-century feminist argued for reproductive rights as a cornerstone of women's liberation?
Betty Friedan
Simone de Beauvoir
Margaret Sanger
Gloria Steinem
Explanation - Sanger advocated for birth control access, believing reproductive autonomy was essential for women's freedom.
Correct answer is: Margaret Sanger
Q.22 Which wave of feminism is often associated with challenging media representation and embracing body positivity?
First Wave
Second Wave
Third Wave
Fourth Wave
Explanation - Third-wave feminism in the 1990s addressed cultural and social perceptions of gender, including media portrayals and sexuality.
Correct answer is: Third Wave
Q.23 Which feminist movement emphasized legal equality as a primary goal, often associated with liberal feminism?
Second Wave Feminism
Radical Feminism
First Wave Feminism
Third Wave Feminism
Explanation - Liberal feminists within the first wave focused on achieving equal rights under the law, such as suffrage and property rights.
Correct answer is: First Wave Feminism
Q.24 Which early feminist wrote essays criticizing marriage as an institution that subjugated women?
Mary Wollstonecraft
Sojourner Truth
Olympe de Gouges
Virginia Woolf
Explanation - In 'A Vindication of the Rights of Woman', Wollstonecraft criticized social norms including marriage that limited women's freedom.
Correct answer is: Mary Wollstonecraft