Q.1 Which wave of feminism is most associated with the fight for women’s suffrage?
First wave
Second wave
Third wave
Fourth wave
Explanation - First-wave feminism focused primarily on legal issues, especially women’s right to vote in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Correct answer is: First wave
Q.2 Which feminist thinker is best known for the phrase 'The personal is political'?
Simone de Beauvoir
Betty Friedan
Carol Hanisch
bell hooks
Explanation - Carol Hanisch coined the phrase 'The personal is political,' emphasizing that personal experiences are connected to larger social and political structures.
Correct answer is: Carol Hanisch
Q.3 What does Simone de Beauvoir mean by the term 'the Other' in her book *The Second Sex*?
Men are superior beings
Women are defined in relation to men
Women control social norms
Men are excluded from society
Explanation - De Beauvoir argued that women have been historically defined as 'the Other,' meaning their identity is framed in opposition to men as the dominant category.
Correct answer is: Women are defined in relation to men
Q.4 Which feminist wave focused largely on issues such as reproductive rights, workplace equality, and sexual liberation?
First wave
Second wave
Third wave
Fourth wave
Explanation - Second-wave feminism, emerging in the 1960s-1980s, highlighted reproductive rights, workplace equality, and liberation from traditional gender roles.
Correct answer is: Second wave
Q.5 What does 'intersectionality,' coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw, emphasize?
Biological differences between men and women
How race, class, and gender intersect in oppression
The equality of all women regardless of background
Feminism’s focus only on gender issues
Explanation - Intersectionality highlights that systems of oppression overlap, and women experience discrimination differently based on race, class, sexuality, and other factors.
Correct answer is: How race, class, and gender intersect in oppression
Q.6 Which text is often credited with igniting the second wave of feminism in the United States?
The Second Sex
The Feminine Mystique
Gender Trouble
A Room of One’s Own
Explanation - Betty Friedan’s *The Feminine Mystique* (1963) exposed the dissatisfaction of suburban housewives, sparking the second wave of feminism in the U.S.
Correct answer is: The Feminine Mystique
Q.7 What does radical feminism primarily critique?
Capitalism
Patriarchy
Colonialism
Technology
Explanation - Radical feminism views patriarchy as the root cause of women’s oppression and seeks to dismantle male-dominated structures of power.
Correct answer is: Patriarchy
Q.8 Which feminist scholar wrote *Gender Trouble*, a foundational text in queer theory?
bell hooks
Judith Butler
Julia Kristeva
Gayle Rubin
Explanation - Judith Butler’s *Gender Trouble* (1990) challenged fixed notions of gender, arguing that gender is performative rather than innate.
Correct answer is: Judith Butler
Q.9 What does Marxist feminism focus on as a key source of women’s oppression?
Religion
Biology
Capitalism
Education
Explanation - Marxist feminism argues that capitalism and private property perpetuate women’s oppression by exploiting their labor and reinforcing dependence on men.
Correct answer is: Capitalism
Q.10 Which feminist theorist is most associated with the concept of 'standpoint theory'?
Dorothy Smith
Nancy Chodorow
Angela Davis
Shulamith Firestone
Explanation - Dorothy Smith developed standpoint theory, which asserts that marginalized groups have unique perspectives that reveal power dynamics overlooked by dominant perspectives.
Correct answer is: Dorothy Smith
Q.11 What is liberal feminism primarily concerned with?
Overthrowing patriarchy
Achieving equality through legal reforms
Eliminating capitalism
Rejecting gender entirely
Explanation - Liberal feminism focuses on legal equality, equal opportunities, and reforming laws to ensure gender fairness.
Correct answer is: Achieving equality through legal reforms
Q.12 Which feminist thinker argued that 'One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman'?
Judith Butler
Simone de Beauvoir
Virginia Woolf
Betty Friedan
Explanation - In *The Second Sex*, Simone de Beauvoir argued that gender roles are socially constructed, not biologically determined.
Correct answer is: Simone de Beauvoir
Q.13 Ecofeminism links women’s oppression to what?
War
Technology
Exploitation of nature
Legal systems
Explanation - Ecofeminism argues that the domination of women is closely connected to the domination and exploitation of the environment.
Correct answer is: Exploitation of nature
Q.14 Who is the author of *A Room of One’s Own*, a foundational feminist text on women and literature?
Virginia Woolf
Kate Millett
Judith Butler
Angela Davis
Explanation - Virginia Woolf’s *A Room of One’s Own* (1929) highlighted women’s exclusion from literary traditions and the importance of financial independence for creativity.
Correct answer is: Virginia Woolf
Q.15 Which feminist strand critiques how mainstream feminism often overlooks the experiences of women of color?
Radical feminism
Black feminism
Liberal feminism
Ecofeminism
Explanation - Black feminism emphasizes that race and gender intersect, and mainstream feminist movements often fail to represent the struggles of women of color.
Correct answer is: Black feminism
Q.16 Which of the following is central to postmodern feminist theory?
Essentialism
Universal truths
Rejection of fixed identities
Biological determinism
Explanation - Postmodern feminism critiques essentialist notions of 'womanhood' and emphasizes the fluidity and social construction of identities.
Correct answer is: Rejection of fixed identities
Q.17 What does socialist feminism combine in its analysis?
Patriarchy and colonialism
Race and religion
Capitalism and patriarchy
Law and education
Explanation - Socialist feminism combines Marxist and radical feminist perspectives, arguing that women’s oppression is due to both capitalism and patriarchy.
Correct answer is: Capitalism and patriarchy
Q.18 bell hooks is best known for emphasizing the importance of what in feminist thought?
Legal reform
Spirituality
Intersectionality of race, class, and gender
Exclusively gender struggles
Explanation - bell hooks highlighted how systems of domination are interconnected and stressed inclusive feminist practices beyond gender alone.
Correct answer is: Intersectionality of race, class, and gender
Q.19 Which feminist thinker wrote *Sexual Politics*, critiquing the patriarchal structure of literature and culture?
Shulamith Firestone
Kate Millett
Adrienne Rich
Nancy Chodorow
Explanation - Kate Millett’s *Sexual Politics* (1970) analyzed how literature and culture reproduce patriarchal domination.
Correct answer is: Kate Millett
Q.20 Which wave of feminism is most associated with digital activism and movements like #MeToo?
First wave
Second wave
Third wave
Fourth wave
Explanation - Fourth-wave feminism, beginning around 2012, leverages digital platforms to address issues such as harassment, body shaming, and intersectionality.
Correct answer is: Fourth wave
Q.21 Who wrote *Women, Race, and Class*, examining the intersections of gender, race, and class in oppression?
Angela Davis
Gloria Steinem
Betty Friedan
bell hooks
Explanation - Angela Davis’s *Women, Race, and Class* (1981) analyzes the overlapping systems of oppression affecting women, particularly women of color.
Correct answer is: Angela Davis
Q.22 What does 'patriarchy' refer to in feminist theory?
A society where women hold dominant power
A system where men hold primary power
An economic system based on trade
A religious structure of equality
Explanation - Patriarchy refers to social structures in which men dominate political, economic, and cultural institutions.
Correct answer is: A system where men hold primary power
Q.23 Which thinker is associated with feminist psychoanalysis and the idea of mother-daughter relationships in identity formation?
Nancy Chodorow
Julia Kristeva
Kate Millett
Adrienne Rich
Explanation - Nancy Chodorow applied psychoanalysis to feminism, emphasizing the role of mothering in shaping gender identity and social structures.
Correct answer is: Nancy Chodorow
Q.24 What does queer feminism primarily critique?
Heteronormativity
Religion
Capitalism
Technology
Explanation - Queer feminism challenges the assumption that heterosexuality is natural and normal, linking gender and sexuality to broader structures of power.
Correct answer is: Heteronormativity
Q.25 Which feminist scholar is associated with the concept of 'compulsory heterosexuality'?
Adrienne Rich
bell hooks
Kate Millett
Simone de Beauvoir
Explanation - Adrienne Rich introduced 'compulsory heterosexuality' to critique the societal expectation that women must engage in heterosexual relationships.
Correct answer is: Adrienne Rich