Q.1 Which of the following is the most essential feature of a state?
Population
Government
Sovereignty
Culture
Explanation - Sovereignty is the ultimate authority of the state to govern itself without external interference, which makes it the most essential feature.
Correct answer is: Sovereignty
Q.2 Who defined the state as 'a compulsory political organization with a centralized government'?
Max Weber
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Aristotle
Explanation - Max Weber defined the state as a compulsory political organization that maintains a monopoly of legitimate use of force within a territory.
Correct answer is: Max Weber
Q.3 Which of the following best describes sovereignty?
Supreme authority of the state
Right of citizens to vote
Freedom of press
Separation of powers
Explanation - Sovereignty refers to the supreme, absolute, and uncontrollable authority within a state.
Correct answer is: Supreme authority of the state
Q.4 According to Thomas Hobbes, the state is necessary because:
Humans are naturally peaceful
It ensures liberty and justice
Life in a state of nature is 'nasty, brutish, and short'
It promotes cultural development
Explanation - Hobbes believed that without a state, humans would live in chaos and conflict, hence the need for a strong authority.
Correct answer is: Life in a state of nature is 'nasty, brutish, and short'
Q.5 Which concept differentiates a state from other associations like clubs or families?
Territory
Sovereignty
Population
Leadership
Explanation - Unlike other associations, a state possesses sovereignty, giving it ultimate authority over its territory and people.
Correct answer is: Sovereignty
Q.6 What is the significance of the territory for a state?
It defines the population's religion
It provides the physical space where the state exercises authority
It ensures economic growth
It guarantees cultural identity
Explanation - Territory is essential as it marks the area where the state has legal and political control.
Correct answer is: It provides the physical space where the state exercises authority
Q.7 Which type of sovereignty is characterized by independence from external interference?
Internal sovereignty
External sovereignty
Legal sovereignty
Political sovereignty
Explanation - External sovereignty refers to the state's independence from the control or influence of other states.
Correct answer is: External sovereignty
Q.8 According to Jean Bodin, sovereignty is:
Divisible
Permanent and absolute
Dependent on people
Shared with the church
Explanation - Bodin emphasized that sovereignty is indivisible, absolute, and perpetual within a state.
Correct answer is: Permanent and absolute
Q.9 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a state?
Permanent population
Defined territory
Sovereignty
Common language
Explanation - While language can unite people culturally, it is not a defining characteristic of a state.
Correct answer is: Common language
Q.10 Max Weber described the state primarily in terms of:
Military power
Legitimate use of force
Economic control
Moral authority
Explanation - Weber emphasized that the defining feature of a state is its monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force within its territory.
Correct answer is: Legitimate use of force
Q.11 Which concept of sovereignty emphasizes that the ultimate authority rests with the people?
Divine sovereignty
Popular sovereignty
Legal sovereignty
Parliamentary sovereignty
Explanation - Popular sovereignty holds that the authority of the government is created and sustained by the consent of its people.
Correct answer is: Popular sovereignty
Q.12 A state must have which of the following to function effectively?
Population, Territory, Government, and Sovereignty
Government and Religion
Population and Culture only
Territory and Military
Explanation - These four elements are essential for the formation and functioning of any state.
Correct answer is: Population, Territory, Government, and Sovereignty
Q.13 Which theory states that the state is created by an agreement among people?
Divine Right Theory
Social Contract Theory
Force Theory
Evolutionary Theory
Explanation - Social Contract Theory, proposed by thinkers like Hobbes and Rousseau, argues that people collectively agree to form a state.
Correct answer is: Social Contract Theory
Q.14 The evolutionary theory of the state suggests that:
State evolved naturally from family and clan structures
State was created by divine decree
State emerged through war and conquest
State is purely a social contract
Explanation - The evolutionary theory posits that the state gradually developed from the family unit and expanded over time.
Correct answer is: State evolved naturally from family and clan structures
Q.15 Which of the following best explains legal sovereignty?
Power of state to make laws without resistance
Supreme religious authority
Economic dominance over other states
Influence of public opinion
Explanation - Legal sovereignty refers to the recognized authority of a state to legislate and enforce laws.
Correct answer is: Power of state to make laws without resistance
Q.16 Which of the following thinkers argued that the state is 'an association for the maintenance of order'?
John Locke
Thomas Hobbes
Aristotle
Jean Bodin
Explanation - Hobbes emphasized that the primary function of the state is to maintain law and order.
Correct answer is: Thomas Hobbes
Q.17 Which is a major difference between internal and external sovereignty?
Internal sovereignty is about citizens' obedience; external sovereignty is about independence from other states
Internal sovereignty is about foreign policy; external sovereignty is about taxation
Internal sovereignty is about religion; external sovereignty is about culture
There is no difference
Explanation - Internal sovereignty deals with authority within the state, while external sovereignty ensures independence from outside powers.
Correct answer is: Internal sovereignty is about citizens' obedience; external sovereignty is about independence from other states
Q.18 Which theory of the origin of the state is linked to the rule of kings justified by God?
Force Theory
Divine Right Theory
Social Contract Theory
Evolutionary Theory
Explanation - The Divine Right Theory posits that monarchs derive their authority directly from God and are accountable only to Him.
Correct answer is: Divine Right Theory
Q.19 Which of the following statements is true about sovereignty?
It can be divided between multiple states
It is always indivisible within a state
It is irrelevant in modern politics
It depends on the population's consent only
Explanation - Sovereignty is indivisible and cannot be shared within a state; it represents supreme authority.
Correct answer is: It is always indivisible within a state
Q.20 Which characteristic of the state ensures continuity over time?
Population
Territory
Permanent institutions
Culture
Explanation - Institutions like government offices, judiciary, and bureaucracy ensure the state continues to function effectively.
Correct answer is: Permanent institutions
Q.21 Which of the following best represents the 'force theory' of state origin?
State arises from divine authority
State is formed by an agreement among people
State is created when a person or group imposes control on others
State evolves naturally from family
Explanation - Force theory states that the state originated when individuals or groups used power to impose authority over others.
Correct answer is: State is created when a person or group imposes control on others
Q.22 Which of the following is the oldest theory of state origin?
Social Contract Theory
Evolutionary Theory
Divine Right Theory
Force Theory
Explanation - The evolutionary theory is considered the oldest, as it traces the state's origin from family and clan structures.
Correct answer is: Evolutionary Theory
Q.23 Which term describes a state's exclusive right to exercise power within its territory?
Authority
Sovereignty
Jurisdiction
Governance
Explanation - Sovereignty grants a state the exclusive authority to govern its territory without external interference.
Correct answer is: Sovereignty
Q.24 Which political thinker emphasized that the state is a natural institution arising from human association?
Aristotle
Jean Bodin
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Explanation - Aristotle argued that the state is a natural institution because humans are naturally social and political beings.
Correct answer is: Aristotle
Q.25 Which of the following is NOT a function of the state?
Maintaining law and order
Providing public services
Regulating trade
Ensuring all citizens have the same religion
Explanation - While states may influence religion in some cases, enforcing uniform religion is not a general function of a modern state.
Correct answer is: Ensuring all citizens have the same religion