Q.1 Which of the following best defines political power?
The ability to enforce laws
The ability to influence others' behavior
The right to vote
The control of economic resources
Explanation - Political power is primarily about influencing decisions and actions within a political system, not just enforcing laws or owning resources.
Correct answer is: The ability to influence others' behavior
Q.2 According to Max Weber, which of the following is NOT a type of legitimate authority?
Traditional
Charismatic
Legal-rational
Economic
Explanation - Weber identified three types of legitimate authority: traditional, charismatic, and legal-rational. Economic authority is not one of them.
Correct answer is: Economic
Q.3 What distinguishes authority from power?
Authority is temporary, power is permanent
Authority is accepted as legitimate, power may not be
Authority relies on force, power relies on consent
Authority exists only in democracies
Explanation - Authority is a form of power that is recognized as legitimate by those subject to it, whereas power does not necessarily require legitimacy.
Correct answer is: Authority is accepted as legitimate, power may not be
Q.4 Which term describes the belief that a government has the right to rule?
Sovereignty
Legitimacy
Federalism
Authority
Explanation - Legitimacy refers to the general belief that a government or ruler has the right to exercise power.
Correct answer is: Legitimacy
Q.5 Who is most associated with the concept of 'the social contract' as a source of legitimacy?
Karl Marx
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Max Weber
John Stuart Mill
Explanation - Rousseau popularized the idea that governments gain legitimacy from a social contract with the people.
Correct answer is: Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Q.6 In a democracy, legitimacy is primarily derived from:
Military power
Tradition
Consent of the governed
Economic stability
Explanation - Democratic legitimacy is based on the consent and participation of the people in governance.
Correct answer is: Consent of the governed
Q.7 Which of the following is an example of traditional authority?
A king ruling because of a royal bloodline
A leader elected by majority vote
A CEO directing a company
A judge enforcing laws
Explanation - Traditional authority is based on long-established customs and practices, like monarchy.
Correct answer is: A king ruling because of a royal bloodline
Q.8 Charismatic authority depends on:
Laws and regulations
Personal qualities of the leader
Military strength
Economic incentives
Explanation - Charismatic authority stems from the exceptional qualities and appeal of a leader.
Correct answer is: Personal qualities of the leader
Q.9 Legal-rational authority is based on:
Tradition
Personal charisma
Established rules and laws
Religious beliefs
Explanation - Legal-rational authority derives legitimacy from legal frameworks and formal rules.
Correct answer is: Established rules and laws
Q.10 Which political theorist emphasized 'power as domination'?
Karl Marx
John Locke
Max Weber
Hannah Arendt
Explanation - Marx focused on power dynamics as forms of domination, especially in class struggles.
Correct answer is: Karl Marx
Q.11 The idea that rulers must justify their power to the people is central to:
Anarchy
Legitimacy
Federalism
Monarchy
Explanation - Legitimacy requires rulers to provide reasons and justifications for their rule.
Correct answer is: Legitimacy
Q.12 Which is an example of coercive power?
Winning an election
Using police to suppress a protest
Passing a new law
Negotiating a treaty
Explanation - Coercive power involves the use of force or threats to influence behavior.
Correct answer is: Using police to suppress a protest
Q.13 Which concept refers to the supreme authority of the state within its territory?
Legitimacy
Sovereignty
Federalism
Authority
Explanation - Sovereignty is the ultimate authority of a state over its territory and people.
Correct answer is: Sovereignty
Q.14 When citizens obey laws because they believe it is the right thing to do, it indicates:
Coercion
Legitimacy
Force
Domination
Explanation - Legitimacy involves voluntary acceptance and compliance by the governed.
Correct answer is: Legitimacy
Q.15 A dictator primarily rules through:
Charismatic authority
Traditional authority
Coercive power
Legal-rational authority
Explanation - Dictators often rely on force and coercion to maintain control.
Correct answer is: Coercive power
Q.16 Which of the following is NOT a source of political legitimacy?
Religion
Tradition
Military force alone
Popular consent
Explanation - While military force can enforce power, legitimacy comes from acceptance and recognition, not just force.
Correct answer is: Military force alone
Q.17 Max Weber's concept of power involves:
The right to rule
The ability to impose one's will despite resistance
Only democratic systems
Economic resources only
Explanation - Weber defined power as the ability to achieve one's goals even against opposition.
Correct answer is: The ability to impose one's will despite resistance
Q.18 A constitutional monarchy mainly derives its legitimacy from:
Charismatic leadership
Legal-rational authority
Military control
Coercion
Explanation - In a constitutional monarchy, legitimacy comes from a legal framework and constitution.
Correct answer is: Legal-rational authority
Q.19 The term 'soft power' refers to:
Using force to get compliance
Military strategies
Persuasion and cultural influence
Economic sanctions
Explanation - Soft power involves influencing others through ideas, culture, and values rather than coercion.
Correct answer is: Persuasion and cultural influence
Q.20 Which of these best demonstrates legal-rational authority?
A tribal chief ruling by custom
A general seizing power
A president elected under constitutional rules
A religious leader gaining followers
Explanation - Legal-rational authority is based on established laws and formal procedures.
Correct answer is: A president elected under constitutional rules
Q.21 When power is accepted and justified by those who are governed, it becomes:
Force
Authority
Coercion
Domination
Explanation - Authority is power that is viewed as legitimate by the governed.
Correct answer is: Authority
Q.22 According to Rousseau, a legitimate government is based on:
The will of the majority
Tradition and customs
The social contract
Military dominance
Explanation - Rousseau believed legitimacy arises when citizens collectively agree to form a government.
Correct answer is: The social contract
Q.23 An example of a modern source of legitimacy is:
Inheritance of the throne
Religious prophecy
Free and fair elections
Military conquest
Explanation - Democratic elections are a modern way to establish political legitimacy.
Correct answer is: Free and fair elections
Q.24 Which statement about authority is correct?
It always requires military strength
It can exist without legitimacy
It is a form of recognized and accepted power
It is always hereditary
Explanation - Authority is power that is accepted and recognized as legitimate by the people.
Correct answer is: It is a form of recognized and accepted power
Q.25 The difference between 'hard power' and 'soft power' is that:
Hard power relies on coercion, soft power on persuasion
Hard power is peaceful, soft power is violent
Soft power uses laws, hard power uses tradition
There is no real difference
Explanation - Hard power uses force or threats, while soft power influences through culture and diplomacy.
Correct answer is: Hard power relies on coercion, soft power on persuasion