Q.1 Which international organization was created after World War I to promote peace and prevent future conflicts?
United Nations
League of Nations
NATO
European Union
Explanation - The League of Nations was established in 1919 as part of the Treaty of Versailles to prevent future wars, though it ultimately failed.
Correct answer is: League of Nations
Q.2 Who became the leader of Italy and established a Fascist dictatorship in the 1920s?
Adolf Hitler
Benito Mussolini
Joseph Stalin
Francisco Franco
Explanation - Benito Mussolini rose to power in 1922 and founded the first Fascist regime in Italy.
Correct answer is: Benito Mussolini
Q.3 The Treaty of Versailles placed heavy reparations on which country?
Italy
Germany
Russia
Austria
Explanation - Germany was forced to pay large reparations and accept war guilt, leading to resentment that fueled extremism.
Correct answer is: Germany
Q.4 What was the main economic crisis of the 1930s that led to instability worldwide?
Great Inflation
Great Depression
Oil Crisis
Currency Collapse
Explanation - The Great Depression began in 1929 with the U.S. stock market crash and spread globally, causing mass unemployment and poverty.
Correct answer is: Great Depression
Q.5 Which political ideology emphasizes extreme nationalism, dictatorship, and suppression of opposition?
Democracy
Communism
Fascism
Liberalism
Explanation - Fascism developed in Italy and Germany, characterized by authoritarian control, nationalism, and violence against dissent.
Correct answer is: Fascism
Q.6 Which event marked Hitler's failed attempt to overthrow the Weimar Republic in 1923?
Munich Beer Hall Putsch
Night of the Long Knives
Reichstag Fire
Kristallnacht
Explanation - In 1923, Hitler and the Nazis attempted a coup in Munich, which failed and led to Hitler's imprisonment.
Correct answer is: Munich Beer Hall Putsch
Q.7 Which country experienced a civil war from 1936 to 1939 that resulted in the rise of Francisco Franco?
Portugal
Spain
Greece
Austria
Explanation - The Spanish Civil War ended with Franco’s Fascist dictatorship, supported by Hitler and Mussolini.
Correct answer is: Spain
Q.8 What was Stalin’s campaign of political repression and terror in the 1930s called?
Cultural Revolution
Great Purge
Five-Year Plan
Red Scare
Explanation - The Great Purge (1936–1938) involved Stalin eliminating rivals, intellectuals, and perceived threats through executions and gulags.
Correct answer is: Great Purge
Q.9 Which nation adopted militarism and expansionism during the interwar years, leading to invasions in Asia?
China
Japan
Korea
Thailand
Explanation - Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 and China in 1937, expanding its empire through military aggression.
Correct answer is: Japan
Q.10 Which agreement symbolized the policy of appeasement when Britain and France allowed Hitler to annex Sudetenland?
Versailles Treaty
Munich Agreement
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
Locarno Pact
Explanation - The 1938 Munich Agreement allowed Germany to annex parts of Czechoslovakia in hopes of avoiding war.
Correct answer is: Munich Agreement
Q.11 Who was the founder of the Nazi Party?
Adolf Hitler
Joseph Goebbels
Heinrich Himmler
Anton Drexler
Explanation - Anton Drexler founded the German Workers' Party, later taken over and transformed by Hitler into the Nazi Party.
Correct answer is: Anton Drexler
Q.12 Which economic plan did Stalin implement to rapidly industrialize the Soviet Union?
Five-Year Plans
Marshall Plan
New Deal
Dawes Plan
Explanation - Stalin introduced Five-Year Plans to boost heavy industry and agriculture, often at great human cost.
Correct answer is: Five-Year Plans
Q.13 What was the name of Hitler’s autobiography and political manifesto?
Mein Kampf
The Communist Manifesto
The Fascist Doctrine
The Third Reich
Explanation - Hitler wrote Mein Kampf while imprisoned, outlining his ideology of racial superiority and expansionism.
Correct answer is: Mein Kampf
Q.14 Which pact in 1939 was a non-aggression treaty between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union?
Munich Agreement
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
Versailles Treaty
Locarno Pact
Explanation - The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact included secret clauses to divide Poland between Germany and the USSR.
Correct answer is: Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
Q.15 What was the political system in Germany during the Weimar Republic?
Monarchy
Fascist dictatorship
Democratic Republic
Communist State
Explanation - The Weimar Republic was a parliamentary democracy established in Germany after WWI.
Correct answer is: Democratic Republic
Q.16 Which Nazi law stripped Jews of German citizenship in 1935?
Nuremberg Laws
Versailles Treaty
Munich Agreement
Enabling Act
Explanation - The Nuremberg Laws institutionalized racial discrimination against Jews, preparing the way for the Holocaust.
Correct answer is: Nuremberg Laws
Q.17 Which policy allowed Hitler to consolidate dictatorial power in 1933?
Enabling Act
Munich Pact
Dawes Plan
Locarno Pact
Explanation - The Enabling Act gave Hitler power to pass laws without parliament, cementing Nazi dictatorship.
Correct answer is: Enabling Act
Q.18 Which group of countries was most opposed to the Treaty of Versailles?
France, Britain, USA
Germany, Austria, Hungary
Japan, Italy, Spain
Soviet Union, China, Korea
Explanation - Germany and its allies were punished heavily, creating resentment that destabilized the region.
Correct answer is: Germany, Austria, Hungary
Q.19 What was the Nazi secret police called?
Gestapo
SS
SA
Wehrmacht
Explanation - The Gestapo was the Nazi secret police force responsible for eliminating opposition and enforcing terror.
Correct answer is: Gestapo
Q.20 What was Japan’s main motivation for expanding into Asia in the 1930s?
To spread democracy
To gain raw materials
To avoid communism
To form alliances
Explanation - Japan lacked natural resources and expanded into Manchuria and China to secure them.
Correct answer is: To gain raw materials
Q.21 What happened to Austria in 1938 under Hitler’s expansion policy?
Annexed in the Anschluss
Divided between Allies
Occupied by Italy
Given independence
Explanation - Hitler annexed Austria in 1938, known as the Anschluss, without significant resistance from Western powers.
Correct answer is: Annexed in the Anschluss
Q.22 Which German law burned the Reichstag and suspended civil liberties in 1933?
Reichstag Fire Decree
Enabling Act
Nuremberg Laws
Munich Agreement
Explanation - After the Reichstag fire, the decree suspended rights and allowed Hitler to crush opposition.
Correct answer is: Reichstag Fire Decree
Q.23 Which country invaded Ethiopia in 1935, showing the League of Nations’ weakness?
Germany
Italy
Japan
Spain
Explanation - Mussolini’s invasion of Ethiopia went largely unpunished, undermining the League of Nations’ credibility.
Correct answer is: Italy
Q.24 What was the Night of the Long Knives in 1934?
Purge of Hitler’s rivals
Attack on Jews
German invasion of Austria
Burning of books
Explanation - Hitler ordered the killing of SA leaders and rivals to consolidate his power.
Correct answer is: Purge of Hitler’s rivals
Q.25 Who was the British Prime Minister associated with appeasement toward Hitler?
Winston Churchill
Neville Chamberlain
David Lloyd George
Stanley Baldwin
Explanation - Chamberlain pursued appeasement, most notably at the Munich Agreement, believing it would prevent war.
Correct answer is: Neville Chamberlain