Q.1 What was the primary economic unit in medieval European feudalism?
City
Manor
Guild
Market
Explanation - The manor was the main economic unit, consisting of the lord's estate and the peasants who worked it.
Correct answer is: Manor
Q.2 Which class of people were bound to the land under European feudalism?
Knights
Serfs
Merchants
Clergy
Explanation - Serfs were peasants who were legally tied to the land and owed labor to their lords.
Correct answer is: Serfs
Q.3 Who granted land to vassals in exchange for military service?
King
Lord
Knight
Peasant
Explanation - In feudalism, lords granted land (fiefs) to vassals in return for loyalty and military service.
Correct answer is: Lord
Q.4 The code of conduct that knights followed was called:
Chivalry
Canon Law
Common Law
Manorial Law
Explanation - Chivalry was the ethical code of knights emphasizing loyalty, honor, and protection of the weak.
Correct answer is: Chivalry
Q.5 Which of the following was a key obligation of a vassal to his lord?
Paying taxes to the king
Providing military service
Building cathedrals
Trading goods
Explanation - Vassals were required to serve their lords militarily and provide troops when needed.
Correct answer is: Providing military service
Q.6 The relationship between lord and vassal was formalized through a ceremony called:
Coronation
Investiture
Homage
Enfeoffment
Explanation - Homage was the ceremony in which a vassal pledged loyalty to a lord, often followed by the granting of a fief.
Correct answer is: Homage
Q.7 Which group of people in feudal society were responsible for religious services and education?
Serfs
Knights
Clergy
Merchants
Explanation - The clergy, including priests and monks, managed churches, monasteries, and educational institutions.
Correct answer is: Clergy
Q.8 Which of the following best describes a fief?
A religious building
A piece of land granted for service
A marketplace
A military unit
Explanation - A fief was land granted by a lord to a vassal in return for loyalty and service.
Correct answer is: A piece of land granted for service
Q.9 The economic system that supported feudalism was primarily:
Mercantilism
Manorialism
Capitalism
Barter system
Explanation - Manorialism was the organization of the lord’s estate, which was self-sufficient and supported feudal relations.
Correct answer is: Manorialism
Q.10 Which of these duties did serfs NOT have?
Work the lord’s land
Pay rent in kind
Serve in the lord's army
Own land independently
Explanation - Serfs could not own land independently; they worked the lord’s land in exchange for protection and a small plot for themselves.
Correct answer is: Own land independently
Q.11 Knights were primarily expected to:
Farm the land
Provide education
Fight for their lord
Collect taxes
Explanation - Knights were mounted warriors who owed military service to their lord as part of the feudal contract.
Correct answer is: Fight for their lord
Q.12 The medieval European social hierarchy placed which group at the top?
Knights
Serfs
Kings
Merchants
Explanation - Kings were at the top of the feudal hierarchy, granting land to nobles in exchange for loyalty.
Correct answer is: Kings
Q.13 Which term describes the granting of land to a vassal by a lord?
Homage
Fiefdom
Enfeoffment
Manor
Explanation - Enfeoffment was the legal act of giving a fief to a vassal under feudal law.
Correct answer is: Enfeoffment
Q.14 Which was a common feature of a medieval manor?
A central marketplace
A castle, church, and farmland
A university
A parliament
Explanation - Manors typically had a lord's residence (castle), a church, and surrounding farmland worked by serfs.
Correct answer is: A castle, church, and farmland
Q.15 Vassals could sometimes have their own vassals. This arrangement is called:
Subinfeudation
Homage
Enfranchisement
Manorialism
Explanation - Subinfeudation was when a vassal granted parts of his fief to lower vassals in exchange for services.
Correct answer is: Subinfeudation
Q.16 What role did castles play in feudal Europe?
Centers of trade
Defensive fortresses and lord's residence
Religious worship
Educational institutions
Explanation - Castles served as fortified homes for lords and strategic defense points.
Correct answer is: Defensive fortresses and lord's residence
Q.17 Which statement best describes the feudal obligation of aid?
Vassals had to fight wars for their lord
Lords had to build churches
Serfs had to pay taxes
Merchants had to provide goods
Explanation - Aid was a feudal duty where vassals provided military service or money in times of war.
Correct answer is: Vassals had to fight wars for their lord
Q.18 The term 'liege lord' refers to:
A king
The lord to whom a vassal owes primary allegiance
A serf
A knight in training
Explanation - A liege lord was the lord who had ultimate claim to a vassal's service, above all other lords.
Correct answer is: The lord to whom a vassal owes primary allegiance
Q.19 Which of these events contributed to the decline of feudalism in Europe?
Black Death
Rise of towns and trade
Magna Carta
All of the above
Explanation - The Black Death, urbanization, and legal developments weakened the feudal structure.
Correct answer is: All of the above
Q.20 Knights were often rewarded for military service with:
Fiefs
Serfs
Castles
Relics
Explanation - Knights sometimes received land grants (fiefs) from their lords as payment for service.
Correct answer is: Fiefs
Q.21 Which of the following is true about medieval serfs?
They were free to leave the land
They paid rent in labor or produce
They owned castles
They were members of the clergy
Explanation - Serfs worked the lord's land and provided labor or a portion of their crops as rent.
Correct answer is: They paid rent in labor or produce
Q.22 Which type of feudal lord had direct control over a manor?
King
Baron
Archbishop
Merchant
Explanation - Barons or lesser nobles directly managed manors and oversaw serfs and tenants.
Correct answer is: Baron
Q.23 Which of the following was NOT a duty of a medieval lord?
Protecting vassals
Administering justice
Farming his own land extensively
Providing military aid to the king
Explanation - Lords oversaw land but did not usually farm it themselves; serfs did the manual labor.
Correct answer is: Farming his own land extensively
Q.24 Feudalism in Europe was largely a response to:
Political instability and invasions
Religious reform
Technological advancement
Urbanization
Explanation - Feudalism developed as a decentralized system to provide security in response to invasions and weak central authority.
Correct answer is: Political instability and invasions
Q.25 Which was a cultural ideal promoted by knights under feudalism?
Renaissance humanism
Chivalry
Guild membership
Serfdom
Explanation - Chivalry promoted ideals of honor, loyalty, and protection of the weak among knights.
Correct answer is: Chivalry