Q.1 The Etruscan civilization was primarily located in which region of Italy?
Sicily
Campania
Tuscany
Veneto
Explanation - The Etruscans lived mainly in central Italy, particularly in modern-day Tuscany, parts of Lazio, and Umbria.
Correct answer is: Tuscany
Q.2 Which ancient people are considered the cultural predecessors of the Romans?
Greeks
Etruscans
Phoenicians
Carthaginians
Explanation - The Romans adopted many religious, architectural, and political traditions from the Etruscans.
Correct answer is: Etruscans
Q.3 The Etruscans were known for their skill in which area?
Metalworking
Shipbuilding
Silk weaving
Papyrus making
Explanation - The Etruscans were highly skilled in bronze and iron metalwork, producing weapons, tools, and art.
Correct answer is: Metalworking
Q.4 What was the main form of Etruscan writing?
Hieroglyphics
Alphabet similar to Greek
Cuneiform
Runes
Explanation - The Etruscan script was derived from a Greek alphabet and influenced the Latin alphabet.
Correct answer is: Alphabet similar to Greek
Q.5 Which famous Roman structure was influenced by Etruscan architecture?
The Colosseum
The Pantheon
The Arch
The Forum
Explanation - The Etruscans pioneered the use of the arch in construction, later widely used by Romans.
Correct answer is: The Arch
Q.6 What type of burial practice were the Etruscans particularly known for?
Mummification
Rock-cut tombs
Mass cremation
Burial under pyramids
Explanation - The Etruscans built elaborate rock-cut tombs decorated with frescoes, reflecting their beliefs about the afterlife.
Correct answer is: Rock-cut tombs
Q.7 Which sea bordered the territory of the Etruscans?
Adriatic Sea
Ionian Sea
Tyrrhenian Sea
Aegean Sea
Explanation - Etruscan civilization developed along the western coast of Italy, bordering the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Correct answer is: Tyrrhenian Sea
Q.8 What was the role of women in Etruscan society compared to Greek and Roman societies?
Less respected
More equal and visible
Confined to home
Completely excluded
Explanation - Etruscan women had higher social status, participated in banquets, and were depicted in art alongside men.
Correct answer is: More equal and visible
Q.9 What was the main Etruscan contribution to Roman religion?
Philosophy
Myth of Romulus and Remus
Divination practices
Christian beliefs
Explanation - The Romans adopted Etruscan divination practices, such as reading animal entrails and interpreting lightning.
Correct answer is: Divination practices
Q.10 Which legendary Etruscan king ruled over early Rome?
Tarquinius Priscus
Romulus
Numa Pompilius
Servius Tullius
Explanation - Tarquinius Priscus was the fifth king of Rome and of Etruscan origin.
Correct answer is: Tarquinius Priscus
Q.11 What did the Etruscans call themselves?
Etruscans
Rasenna
Latins
Tuscans
Explanation - The Etruscans referred to themselves as 'Rasenna,' while 'Etruscans' was the Roman name for them.
Correct answer is: Rasenna
Q.12 Which Etruscan city was one of the most powerful?
Veii
Pompeii
Carthage
Delphi
Explanation - Veii was a major Etruscan city near Rome, defeated by the Romans in 396 BCE.
Correct answer is: Veii
Q.13 What was a 'haruspex' in Etruscan culture?
A soldier
A priest who read entrails
A builder
A king
Explanation - Haruspices were religious officials who interpreted omens by examining animal entrails.
Correct answer is: A priest who read entrails
Q.14 Etruscan temples were typically built on what type of base?
Step pyramids
Podium platforms
Flat ground
Underground chambers
Explanation - Unlike Greek temples, Etruscan temples stood on high podiums with a single staircase.
Correct answer is: Podium platforms
Q.15 What type of artwork is especially important in studying Etruscan culture?
Pottery frescoes
Stone steles
Mosaics
Illuminated manuscripts
Explanation - Etruscan tombs often contain wall frescoes and decorated pottery that provide insight into their life and beliefs.
Correct answer is: Pottery frescoes
Q.16 The Etruscan language is considered:
Well understood
Completely unknown
Partially deciphered
Same as Latin
Explanation - While we know the alphabet, the meaning of many Etruscan words remains unclear.
Correct answer is: Partially deciphered
Q.17 What animal was sacred to Etruscan religion?
Wolf
Eagle
Liver-shaped sheep
Goose
Explanation - Etruscans used sheep livers for divination, creating bronze liver models for training priests.
Correct answer is: Liver-shaped sheep
Q.18 Which people eventually absorbed the Etruscan civilization?
Carthaginians
Romans
Greeks
Celts
Explanation - By the 1st century BCE, the Romans had absorbed the Etruscans into their expanding Republic.
Correct answer is: Romans
Q.19 What was the 'fasces,' an Etruscan symbol later adopted by Rome?
Bundle of rods with an axe
Golden crown
Olive wreath
Bronze sword
Explanation - The fasces symbolized authority and power, later adopted by Roman magistrates.
Correct answer is: Bundle of rods with an axe
Q.20 Etruscan society was organized into what kind of political units?
Tribes
City-states
Empires
Republics
Explanation - The Etruscans lived in independent city-states, loosely united in a league.
Correct answer is: City-states
Q.21 Which modern Italian city preserves the name of the Etruscans?
Naples
Florence
Tuscany
Rome
Explanation - The name 'Tuscany' derives from the word 'Tusci,' the Roman name for the Etruscans.
Correct answer is: Tuscany
Q.22 What material were Etruscan statues often made of?
Bronze and terracotta
Marble
Wood
Gold
Explanation - Etruscan artists produced realistic bronze and terracotta statues rather than marble ones.
Correct answer is: Bronze and terracotta
Q.23 What was the main agricultural product of the Etruscans?
Wheat
Olives and grapes
Rice
Corn
Explanation - The Etruscans cultivated olives and grapes, which supported their trade in oil and wine.
Correct answer is: Olives and grapes
Q.24 Which league united the Etruscan city-states in religious and political matters?
Latin League
Etruscan League
Sacred League
Italic League
Explanation - The Etruscan League was a confederation of 12 cities united for religious and political purposes.
Correct answer is: Etruscan League
Q.25 Which river was important for Etruscan trade and contact with Rome?
Po River
Tiber River
Arno River
Rubicon River
Explanation - The Tiber River connected Etruscan cities with central Italy and influenced Rome’s growth.
Correct answer is: Tiber River