Q.1 Which factor is most important in determining the location of heavy industries?
Proximity to raw materials
Availability of skilled labor
Access to markets
Climate conditions
Explanation - Heavy industries, such as steel or cement, require large quantities of raw materials, so proximity reduces transportation costs.
Correct answer is: Proximity to raw materials
Q.2 Which industry is considered a 'footloose industry'?
Steel industry
Textile industry
Software industry
Paper industry
Explanation - Footloose industries are not tied to any specific location and can be set up anywhere with access to labor and infrastructure, like software companies.
Correct answer is: Software industry
Q.3 The concept of 'Weber’s least cost theory' focuses on minimizing which of the following?
Production costs
Transportation, labor, and agglomeration costs
Marketing costs
Energy costs
Explanation - Alfred Weber’s theory explains industrial location based on minimizing total costs related to transportation, labor, and agglomeration.
Correct answer is: Transportation, labor, and agglomeration costs
Q.4 Which of the following is an example of a primary industry?
Iron and steel industry
Cotton textile industry
Coal mining
Automobile industry
Explanation - Primary industries extract or harvest natural resources, such as mining, fishing, and agriculture.
Correct answer is: Coal mining
Q.5 Which industry is typically located near consumer markets?
Bulk-reducing industry
Bulk-gaining industry
Heavy industry
Footloose industry
Explanation - Bulk-gaining industries produce goods that gain volume during production, like soft drinks, so they are located close to markets to reduce transportation costs.
Correct answer is: Bulk-gaining industry
Q.6 Which factor is most critical for the growth of high-tech industries?
Skilled labor
Coal availability
River proximity
Cheap land
Explanation - High-tech industries require highly skilled labor, R&D facilities, and good infrastructure.
Correct answer is: Skilled labor
Q.7 The agglomeration of industries refers to:
Relocating industries to rural areas
Clustering of industries in a region
Closure of small industries
Government intervention in industries
Explanation - Agglomeration occurs when industries cluster together to benefit from shared services, infrastructure, and skilled labor.
Correct answer is: Clustering of industries in a region
Q.8 Which industry is most dependent on the availability of water?
Textile industry
Software industry
Automobile industry
Electronics industry
Explanation - Textile industries need water for processing, dyeing, and washing fabrics.
Correct answer is: Textile industry
Q.9 The term 'post-industrial society' refers to:
Society focused on agriculture
Society focused on manufacturing
Society dominated by services and knowledge industries
Society with declining population
Explanation - In post-industrial societies, services, technology, and knowledge-based industries replace traditional manufacturing.
Correct answer is: Society dominated by services and knowledge industries
Q.10 Which of the following is a bulk-reducing industry?
Copper smelting
Beverage production
Furniture making
Software development
Explanation - Bulk-reducing industries process raw materials into products of smaller weight or volume, reducing transportation costs.
Correct answer is: Copper smelting
Q.11 Which sector of industry is focused on the production of goods from raw materials?
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary
Explanation - Secondary industries transform raw materials from primary industries into finished goods or products.
Correct answer is: Secondary
Q.12 Which of the following best describes a maquiladora?
A European industrial region
A free-trade zone in Mexico for assembly plants
A heavy industry cluster in India
A traditional textile village in China
Explanation - Maquiladoras are factories in Mexico near the US border that import materials duty-free for assembly and export.
Correct answer is: A free-trade zone in Mexico for assembly plants
Q.13 Which industry is most likely to be affected by the availability of cheap labor?
Textile industry
Software industry
Heavy engineering
Pharmaceuticals
Explanation - Labor-intensive industries, such as textiles and garments, are often located where labor is inexpensive.
Correct answer is: Textile industry
Q.14 Which of the following best illustrates an export-oriented industry?
Cotton textile for local consumption
Shipbuilding for international markets
Local handicrafts
Small-scale food processing
Explanation - Export-oriented industries focus on producing goods for international trade rather than local consumption.
Correct answer is: Shipbuilding for international markets
Q.15 Which industry is an example of a high-pollution industry?
Leather tanning
Software development
Financial services
Tourism
Explanation - Leather tanning involves chemical processes that produce significant water and air pollution.
Correct answer is: Leather tanning
Q.16 Which industry is most influenced by government incentives and subsidies?
Renewable energy industry
Footloose software industry
Copper smelting
Furniture making
Explanation - Renewable energy industries often depend on government policies, subsidies, and incentives to become economically viable.
Correct answer is: Renewable energy industry
Q.17 Which of the following is considered a quaternary industry?
Research and development
Steel production
Textile weaving
Mining
Explanation - Quaternary industries are knowledge-based, including R&D, IT, consultancy, and information services.
Correct answer is: Research and development
Q.18 Which of the following best defines 'industrial regions'?
Areas with intensive agriculture
Areas with concentrated industrial activity
Urban residential zones
Tourist destinations
Explanation - Industrial regions are areas where industries are clustered due to factors like raw materials, labor, markets, and infrastructure.
Correct answer is: Areas with concentrated industrial activity
Q.19 Which industry is most dependent on transport infrastructure?
Automobile industry
Software industry
IT services
Handicrafts
Explanation - Automobile manufacturing requires a supply of raw materials and distribution of finished vehicles, making transport infrastructure crucial.
Correct answer is: Automobile industry
Q.20 Which of the following is a characteristic of light industries?
Labor-intensive
Require large capital investment
Produce bulky products
Located near raw materials
Explanation - Light industries often use less raw material, are labor-intensive, and produce consumer goods such as electronics, clothing, and food products.
Correct answer is: Labor-intensive
Q.21 Which industry is a major example of agglomeration economies in the USA?
Silicon Valley tech industry
Automobile industry in Detroit
Steel industry in Pittsburgh
Textile industry in North Carolina
Explanation - Silicon Valley illustrates agglomeration economies with a high concentration of tech firms, skilled labor, and innovation clusters.
Correct answer is: Silicon Valley tech industry
Q.22 Which of the following factors influences industrial location the least?
Climate
Availability of raw materials
Transport facilities
Market proximity
Explanation - Climate has limited influence on industrial location except for certain agriculture-based or climate-sensitive industries.
Correct answer is: Climate
Q.23 Which industry is an example of a cottage industry?
Handloom weaving
Steel manufacturing
Automobile assembly
Chemical production
Explanation - Cottage industries are small-scale, often home-based, and labor-intensive industries producing handmade goods.
Correct answer is: Handloom weaving
Q.24 Which factor is most important in determining the location of a paper mill?
Availability of forests and water
Proximity to markets
Labor availability
Tourist potential
Explanation - Paper mills require raw materials from forests and a large supply of water for processing.
Correct answer is: Availability of forests and water
Q.25 Which industry is heavily concentrated in regions like Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu in India?
Textile industry
Software industry
Automobile industry
Leather industry
Explanation - Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu are major centers of textile manufacturing due to historical, labor, and market advantages.
Correct answer is: Textile industry