Q.1 Which of the following best defines economic geography?
Study of physical landforms
Study of population distribution
Study of the spatial aspects of economic activities
Study of weather patterns
Explanation - Economic geography examines how economic activities are distributed in space and the factors influencing this distribution.
Correct answer is: Study of the spatial aspects of economic activities
Q.2 What is the primary factor determining the location of manufacturing industries?
Climate
Availability of raw materials
Religious beliefs
Language
Explanation - Industries are often located near sources of raw materials to reduce transportation costs and improve efficiency.
Correct answer is: Availability of raw materials
Q.3 Which sector of the economy involves the extraction of natural resources?
Primary sector
Secondary sector
Tertiary sector
Quaternary sector
Explanation - The primary sector includes activities like agriculture, mining, forestry, and fishing, which involve extraction of natural resources.
Correct answer is: Primary sector
Q.4 Which term refers to industries located near the source of raw materials?
Market-oriented industries
Footloose industries
Raw-material-oriented industries
Capital-intensive industries
Explanation - These industries are situated close to raw materials to minimize transportation costs and ensure steady supply.
Correct answer is: Raw-material-oriented industries
Q.5 Which of the following is a characteristic of a developed economic region?
High dependence on agriculture
Low per capita income
Advanced infrastructure and industrialization
Limited technological development
Explanation - Developed regions generally have higher levels of industrialization, infrastructure, and income per capita.
Correct answer is: Advanced infrastructure and industrialization
Q.6 What is meant by 'globalization' in economic geography?
Isolation of local markets
Integration of economies across countries
Decline of trade between nations
Study of local culture
Explanation - Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of economies worldwide.
Correct answer is: Integration of economies across countries
Q.7 Which of the following industries is an example of a footloose industry?
Textile manufacturing
Software development
Steel production
Cement manufacturing
Explanation - Footloose industries can be located anywhere because they are not tied to raw materials or transportation costs.
Correct answer is: Software development
Q.8 Which economic activity is most sensitive to the availability of labor?
Capital-intensive manufacturing
Labor-intensive manufacturing
High-tech industry
Resource extraction
Explanation - Labor-intensive industries rely heavily on human labor for production rather than machinery, making them sensitive to labor availability.
Correct answer is: Labor-intensive manufacturing
Q.9 Which of the following best describes a 'tertiary sector' activity?
Farming
Mining
Banking and transport
Manufacturing
Explanation - The tertiary sector provides services such as banking, transport, healthcare, and education.
Correct answer is: Banking and transport
Q.10 Which factor does NOT significantly influence industrial location?
Raw materials
Market proximity
Climate
Number of schools
Explanation - While human capital is important, the number of schools is generally not a direct factor in choosing industrial locations.
Correct answer is: Number of schools
Q.11 What is 'agglomeration' in economic geography?
Spread of industries evenly
Clustering of industries in one area
Decline of manufacturing
Relocation of firms abroad
Explanation - Agglomeration refers to the spatial concentration of industries to benefit from shared services, infrastructure, and labor.
Correct answer is: Clustering of industries in one area
Q.12 Which of the following is an example of a capital-intensive industry?
Steel production
Handicrafts
Textile weaving
Agriculture
Explanation - Capital-intensive industries require significant investment in machinery and equipment compared to labor.
Correct answer is: Steel production
Q.13 Which region is known as the 'industrial heartland' of the United States?
Pacific Northwest
Rust Belt
Sun Belt
Appalachia
Explanation - The Rust Belt in the US is historically known for its concentration of heavy industries and manufacturing.
Correct answer is: Rust Belt
Q.14 Which term refers to economic activities that use or process raw materials?
Primary sector
Secondary sector
Tertiary sector
Quaternary sector
Explanation - The secondary sector involves manufacturing and processing of raw materials into finished products.
Correct answer is: Secondary sector
Q.15 Which of the following industries is considered resource-oriented?
Cotton textile industry
Software industry
Tourism
Banking
Explanation - Resource-oriented industries are located near raw materials to reduce transportation costs and maintain production efficiency.
Correct answer is: Cotton textile industry
Q.16 Which factor has most influenced the rise of global cities in economic geography?
Agricultural development
Technological advancement and trade
Availability of raw materials
Climate
Explanation - Global cities emerge as hubs of finance, trade, and technology due to global economic integration.
Correct answer is: Technological advancement and trade
Q.17 Which type of industry is most likely to be located near consumers rather than raw materials?
Market-oriented industry
Raw-material-oriented industry
Footloose industry
Heavy industry
Explanation - These industries locate close to consumers to reduce distribution costs, especially for perishable goods.
Correct answer is: Market-oriented industry
Q.18 Which economic activity is part of the quaternary sector?
Mining
Banking
Research and development
Textile manufacturing
Explanation - The quaternary sector involves knowledge-based activities like R&D, information technology, and consultancy.
Correct answer is: Research and development
Q.19 Which of the following is NOT a feature of developing countries in economic geography?
High reliance on agriculture
Low industrial output
High per capita income
Rapid urbanization
Explanation - Developing countries generally have low per capita income despite other economic activities.
Correct answer is: High per capita income
Q.20 Which of the following best explains the term 'deindustrialization'?
Increase in industrial employment
Decline of manufacturing activities in a region
Growth of agriculture
Expansion of mining
Explanation - Deindustrialization occurs when industries decline due to factors like outsourcing, automation, or resource depletion.
Correct answer is: Decline of manufacturing activities in a region
Q.21 Which sector is dominant in highly urbanized and service-based economies?
Primary sector
Secondary sector
Tertiary sector
Quaternary sector
Explanation - Urbanized economies rely heavily on services such as finance, trade, education, and healthcare.
Correct answer is: Tertiary sector
Q.22 Which of the following is an example of a heavy industry?
Steel manufacturing
Garment production
Software development
Furniture making
Explanation - Heavy industries require large capital investment, machinery, and raw materials, like steel production.
Correct answer is: Steel manufacturing
Q.23 What is the significance of transportation in economic geography?
It influences industrial location and trade
It reduces population density
It improves climate conditions
It controls cultural activities
Explanation - Efficient transportation networks reduce costs, connect markets, and influence the location of economic activities.
Correct answer is: It influences industrial location and trade
Q.24 Which of the following best describes a cottage industry?
Large-scale mechanized production
Small-scale home-based production
High-tech industrial production
Mining and resource extraction
Explanation - Cottage industries are small-scale, often family-run, producing goods using traditional methods at home.
Correct answer is: Small-scale home-based production