Q.1 Which of the following is considered a subsistence form of agriculture?
Commercial farming
Shifting cultivation
Plantation farming
Mixed farming
Explanation - Shifting cultivation is primarily for the farmer's own consumption rather than for sale in markets, which makes it a subsistence form of agriculture.
Correct answer is: Shifting cultivation
Q.2 Which type of farming is characterized by the integration of crops and livestock on the same farm?
Dairy farming
Mixed farming
Pastoral nomadism
Intensive subsistence farming
Explanation - Mixed farming involves growing crops and raising livestock together, which allows farmers to diversify their production and reduce risks.
Correct answer is: Mixed farming
Q.3 The Green Revolution primarily aimed to:
Promote organic farming
Increase agricultural productivity
Reduce irrigation facilities
Encourage shifting cultivation
Explanation - The Green Revolution introduced high-yielding varieties, fertilizers, and modern irrigation to boost crop production, especially in developing countries.
Correct answer is: Increase agricultural productivity
Q.4 Which region is famous for rice cultivation due to its warm and wet climate?
Southeast Asia
Sahara Desert
Northern Europe
Middle East
Explanation - Southeast Asia has a tropical climate with abundant rainfall, making it ideal for paddy rice cultivation.
Correct answer is: Southeast Asia
Q.5 Terrace farming is mainly practiced in:
Plains
Mountains
Deserts
Coastal areas
Explanation - Terrace farming involves creating stepped levels on hillsides to reduce soil erosion and manage water efficiently in mountainous regions.
Correct answer is: Mountains
Q.6 What is the main characteristic of intensive subsistence farming?
Large land area with low labor
Small land area with high labor input
Mechanized farming with tractors
Export-oriented cash crops
Explanation - Intensive subsistence farming uses small plots of land but requires significant labor to produce enough food for the farmer's family.
Correct answer is: Small land area with high labor input
Q.7 Which crop is known as a 'cash crop' in many tropical countries?
Rice
Wheat
Cotton
Millet
Explanation - Cash crops are grown primarily for sale and export, and cotton is widely grown in tropical regions for the textile industry.
Correct answer is: Cotton
Q.8 Shifting cultivation is also known as:
Slash-and-burn agriculture
Terrace farming
Hydroponics
Organic farming
Explanation - In shifting cultivation, forested land is cleared and burned to create fields for temporary cultivation, hence the name slash-and-burn.
Correct answer is: Slash-and-burn agriculture
Q.9 Which type of agriculture is mainly practiced in arid and semi-arid regions?
Pastoral nomadism
Intensive subsistence farming
Plantation farming
Mixed farming
Explanation - Pastoral nomadism involves the movement of livestock in search of pasture and water in dry regions where crop farming is difficult.
Correct answer is: Pastoral nomadism
Q.10 Which of the following best describes plantation agriculture?
Small-scale farming for subsistence
Large-scale commercial farming of a single crop
Mixed crop and livestock farming
Shifting cultivation in forests
Explanation - Plantation agriculture focuses on the large-scale production of cash crops such as tea, coffee, sugarcane, or rubber for commercial purposes.
Correct answer is: Large-scale commercial farming of a single crop
Q.11 The main factor influencing crop selection in a region is:
Climate
Religion
Language
Population density
Explanation - Climate determines temperature, rainfall, and growing season, which are crucial for selecting suitable crops in a region.
Correct answer is: Climate
Q.12 Nomadic herding is typically associated with which of the following?
Tropical rainforests
Deserts and steppes
Urban areas
Floodplains
Explanation - Nomadic herders move their livestock across arid or semi-arid regions to find pasture, as permanent settlements are often unsustainable.
Correct answer is: Deserts and steppes
Q.13 Which crop is predominantly grown in Mediterranean climates?
Olives
Rice
Maize
Potatoes
Explanation - Olives require mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers, which are characteristic of Mediterranean climates.
Correct answer is: Olives
Q.14 What is the main purpose of crop rotation?
Increase soil fertility and reduce pests
Maximize immediate profit
Use more fertilizers
Grow only cash crops
Explanation - Rotating crops prevents soil nutrient depletion and reduces pest and disease buildup, ensuring sustainable farming.
Correct answer is: Increase soil fertility and reduce pests
Q.15 Which of the following regions is known for wheat cultivation?
Great Plains of USA
Amazon Basin
Sahara Desert
Western Europe coast
Explanation - The Great Plains have fertile soil and moderate rainfall suitable for large-scale wheat production.
Correct answer is: Great Plains of USA
Q.16 Slash-and-burn agriculture is unsustainable because it:
Increases soil fertility permanently
Leads to deforestation and soil degradation
Requires modern machinery
Produces high yields indefinitely
Explanation - Burning forests temporarily enriches the soil, but repeated use without fallow periods causes environmental damage.
Correct answer is: Leads to deforestation and soil degradation
Q.17 Which type of farming dominates in the lowlands of Bangladesh?
Paddy rice farming
Pastoral nomadism
Plantation agriculture
Mixed farming
Explanation - Bangladesh's lowlands have abundant water for irrigation, making them ideal for paddy rice cultivation.
Correct answer is: Paddy rice farming
Q.18 Which type of agriculture is heavily mechanized and oriented towards large-scale production?
Commercial grain farming
Subsistence farming
Shifting cultivation
Nomadic herding
Explanation - Commercial grain farms, like wheat or maize farms in North America, use machines and advanced technology to produce crops for the market.
Correct answer is: Commercial grain farming
Q.19 What is 'horticulture' in agricultural geography?
Growing fruits, vegetables, and flowers
Livestock rearing
Shifting cultivation
Forest farming
Explanation - Horticulture focuses on cultivating garden crops such as fruits, vegetables, and flowers, often for local markets.
Correct answer is: Growing fruits, vegetables, and flowers
Q.20 Which factor most strongly affects pastoral nomadism?
Soil type
Availability of grazing land
Labor cost
Technology
Explanation - Pastoral nomads move their herds to find suitable grazing, so the availability and quality of pasture are critical.
Correct answer is: Availability of grazing land
Q.21 The 'Von Thünen Model' in agricultural geography explains:
The spatial arrangement of agricultural activities around a market
Crop rotation methods
Irrigation techniques
Terrace farming in mountains
Explanation - Von Thünen’s model shows how land use intensity decreases with distance from a central market, depending on transportation costs and perishability of products.
Correct answer is: The spatial arrangement of agricultural activities around a market
Q.22 Which country is the largest producer of sugarcane in the world?
India
USA
Russia
Canada
Explanation - India has favorable tropical climate and large land areas suitable for sugarcane cultivation, making it the leading producer.
Correct answer is: India
Q.23 Which of the following is an example of extensive subsistence agriculture?
Shifting cultivation
Commercial dairy farming
Greenhouse horticulture
Plantation coffee farming
Explanation - Extensive subsistence farming uses large land areas with minimal labor input and low yields, typical of shifting cultivation in tropical forests.
Correct answer is: Shifting cultivation
Q.24 Which agricultural system is typical in the Sahel region of Africa?
Pastoral nomadism
Intensive rice farming
Plantation agriculture
Commercial grain farming
Explanation - The Sahel is semi-arid, making crop farming difficult, so nomadic herding of livestock is the main agricultural system.
Correct answer is: Pastoral nomadism
Q.25 Which of the following best describes double cropping?
Growing two crops on the same land in one year
Growing crops and livestock together
Shifting cultivation
Plantation farming
Explanation - Double cropping maximizes land productivity by harvesting one crop and planting another in the same year.
Correct answer is: Growing two crops on the same land in one year