Q.1 Who is considered the founder of Humanistic Psychology?
Sigmund Freud
Carl Rogers
B.F. Skinner
Jean Piaget
Explanation - Carl Rogers is one of the primary founders of Humanistic Psychology, emphasizing self-actualization and the fully functioning person.
Correct answer is: Carl Rogers
Q.2 What is the central concept of Maslow's Humanistic Theory?
Conditioned behavior
Hierarchy of Needs
Cognitive Development
Psychosexual Stages
Explanation - Abraham Maslow proposed that human motivation follows a hierarchy of needs, culminating in self-actualization.
Correct answer is: Hierarchy of Needs
Q.3 According to Carl Rogers, what is necessary for personal growth?
Unconditional positive regard
Strict discipline
External rewards
Cognitive restructuring
Explanation - Rogers emphasized that individuals need unconditional positive regard from others to achieve personal growth and self-actualization.
Correct answer is: Unconditional positive regard
Q.4 Which term describes a person who is achieving their full potential according to Humanistic Psychology?
Conditioned person
Self-actualized person
Neurotic person
Cognitively matured person
Explanation - Humanistic psychologists view self-actualization as the process of realizing one's full potential and capabilities.
Correct answer is: Self-actualized person
Q.5 Which humanistic psychologist developed the Person-Centered Therapy approach?
Alfred Adler
Carl Rogers
Abraham Maslow
Erik Erikson
Explanation - Person-Centered Therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, focuses on empathy, unconditional positive regard, and the therapist-client relationship.
Correct answer is: Carl Rogers
Q.6 Maslow’s hierarchy places 'safety needs' above which need?
Physiological needs
Love and belonging
Esteem
Self-actualization
Explanation - Safety needs (security, stability) are the second level in Maslow’s hierarchy, above basic physiological needs.
Correct answer is: Physiological needs
Q.7 According to Humanistic Psychology, what motivates human behavior?
Instincts and drives
External rewards and punishments
Internal growth and self-actualization
Conditioned responses
Explanation - Humanistic Psychology emphasizes intrinsic motivation and the drive toward personal growth rather than just external rewards.
Correct answer is: Internal growth and self-actualization
Q.8 Which of the following is a characteristic of a self-actualized person?
Dependence on others
Creativity and spontaneity
Avoidance of challenges
Overemphasis on material gain
Explanation - Maslow noted that self-actualized individuals are often creative, spontaneous, and problem-focused rather than self-centered.
Correct answer is: Creativity and spontaneity
Q.9 Rogers believed the self-concept develops through:
External conditioning only
Interaction with the environment and others
Cognitive maturation only
Innate biological drives
Explanation - Rogers emphasized that self-concept is shaped by interactions and experiences, and the perception of being valued by others.
Correct answer is: Interaction with the environment and others
Q.10 Which concept refers to the gap between a person's real self and ideal self?
Incongruence
Conditioning
Self-esteem
Cognitive dissonance
Explanation - Rogers described incongruence as the discrepancy between the real self and the ideal self, which can cause psychological tension.
Correct answer is: Incongruence
Q.11 Which humanistic approach focuses primarily on subjective experience?
Behaviorism
Psychoanalysis
Phenomenology
Cognitive psychology
Explanation - Humanistic psychologists often emphasize phenomenology, studying individuals’ subjective experience of the world.
Correct answer is: Phenomenology
Q.12 According to Maslow, which need is considered the highest level in his hierarchy?
Esteem
Self-actualization
Love and belonging
Physiological needs
Explanation - Self-actualization represents the fulfillment of personal potential and is the top level in Maslow's hierarchy.
Correct answer is: Self-actualization
Q.13 Which statement aligns with Humanistic Psychology?
Humans are primarily driven by unconscious conflicts
Behavior is solely shaped by reinforcement
Humans have an inherent drive toward growth
Personality is fully determined by genetics
Explanation - Humanistic Psychology posits that humans are naturally motivated toward growth, self-fulfillment, and self-actualization.
Correct answer is: Humans have an inherent drive toward growth
Q.14 Rogers emphasized that a supportive environment provides:
Punishment and reinforcement
Unconditional positive regard
Cognitive restructuring
Strict behavioral guidelines
Explanation - A supportive environment offering unconditional positive regard allows a person to grow, explore, and develop self-concept.
Correct answer is: Unconditional positive regard
Q.15 Which of the following is NOT a core feature of Humanistic Psychology?
Focus on conscious experience
Emphasis on personal growth
Deterministic view of behavior
Consideration of free will
Explanation - Humanistic Psychology emphasizes free will and personal agency rather than determinism.
Correct answer is: Deterministic view of behavior
Q.16 Maslow studied highly successful and creative individuals to understand:
Neurotic behavior patterns
Self-actualization characteristics
Cognitive development stages
Conditioned learning responses
Explanation - Maslow analyzed exemplary individuals to identify traits of self-actualized people, such as creativity and authenticity.
Correct answer is: Self-actualization characteristics
Q.17 Which humanistic psychologist introduced the concept of 'fully functioning person'?
Carl Rogers
Abraham Maslow
Alfred Adler
Erik Erikson
Explanation - Rogers described a fully functioning person as someone living authentically, open to experience, and in the process of self-actualization.
Correct answer is: Carl Rogers
Q.18 Humanistic psychologists are generally critical of which approach?
Behaviorism
Phenomenology
Existential psychology
Self-actualization theory
Explanation - Humanistic psychologists critique behaviorism for neglecting subjective experience, creativity, and personal growth.
Correct answer is: Behaviorism
Q.19 What does 'client-centered therapy' emphasize?
Analyst interpretation
Unconditional positive regard and empathy
Strict behavioral conditioning
Dream analysis
Explanation - Client-centered therapy prioritizes the therapist providing empathy and unconditional positive regard to foster growth.
Correct answer is: Unconditional positive regard and empathy
Q.20 Maslow suggested that deficiency needs (like food, safety, love) must be satisfied before:
Cognitive development occurs
Behavior becomes conditioned
Self-actualization can occur
Unconscious conflicts emerge
Explanation - Deficiency needs must be met before higher-level growth needs, such as self-actualization, can be pursued.
Correct answer is: Self-actualization can occur
Q.21 Which concept is central to Rogers’ Humanistic theory?
Incongruence between real self and ideal self
Oedipus complex
Classical conditioning
Operant reinforcement
Explanation - Rogers emphasized that incongruence can lead to psychological distress, whereas congruence supports healthy functioning.
Correct answer is: Incongruence between real self and ideal self
Q.22 Which method is primarily used in Humanistic Psychology research?
Case studies and qualitative analysis
Experimental manipulation
Animal studies
Statistical surveys only
Explanation - Humanistic psychologists often use case studies, interviews, and qualitative methods to understand subjective experience.
Correct answer is: Case studies and qualitative analysis
Q.23 Which humanistic principle suggests that humans have intrinsic value?
Determinism
Person-centered view
Existential anxiety
Behaviorist principle
Explanation - The person-centered approach assumes that individuals are inherently valuable and capable of growth.
Correct answer is: Person-centered view
Q.24 What is a key critique of Humanistic Psychology?
Overemphasis on subjective experience and lack of empirical rigor
Too focused on conditioning
Neglects unconscious processes
Focuses only on abnormal behavior
Explanation - Critics argue that Humanistic Psychology is difficult to measure scientifically and may over-prioritize subjective accounts.
Correct answer is: Overemphasis on subjective experience and lack of empirical rigor
Q.25 According to Rogers, psychological problems often result from:
Unmet needs for unconditional positive regard
Biological brain defects
Childhood conditioning only
Excessive intelligence
Explanation - Rogers suggested that lacking acceptance and empathy from significant others can lead to incongruence and psychological distress.
Correct answer is: Unmet needs for unconditional positive regard