Q.1 Which of the following best defines organizational behavior?
Study of individual behavior in daily life
Study of human behavior in organizational settings
Study of cultural anthropology
Study of consumer purchasing decisions
Explanation - Organizational behavior is primarily concerned with understanding how individuals and groups act within organizations.
Correct answer is: Study of human behavior in organizational settings
Q.2 Which component is NOT typically part of organizational culture?
Shared values
Norms
Organizational structure
Individual dreams
Explanation - Organizational culture refers to shared values, norms, and beliefs within a workplace, not individual personal goals.
Correct answer is: Individual dreams
Q.3 Who is considered the father of scientific management, which influenced organizational behavior?
Max Weber
Frederick Taylor
Elton Mayo
Abraham Maslow
Explanation - Frederick Taylor introduced scientific management, focusing on efficiency and task optimization.
Correct answer is: Frederick Taylor
Q.4 What does the term 'organizational culture' refer to?
Formal rules and procedures
Shared values, beliefs, and practices
Financial management practices
Technology used in business
Explanation - Organizational culture defines the social and psychological environment of an organization.
Correct answer is: Shared values, beliefs, and practices
Q.5 Which researcher is associated with the Hawthorne Studies?
Frederick Taylor
Elton Mayo
Henry Fayol
Douglas McGregor
Explanation - Elton Mayo’s Hawthorne Studies highlighted the importance of social relations and employee well-being.
Correct answer is: Elton Mayo
Q.6 What is the key idea behind Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory?
Leadership theories
Cross-cultural differences
Economic growth models
Organizational structures
Explanation - Hofstede identified dimensions like power distance and individualism to explain cultural differences across organizations and nations.
Correct answer is: Cross-cultural differences
Q.7 Which type of culture emphasizes innovation, creativity, and adaptability?
Market culture
Clan culture
Adhocracy culture
Hierarchy culture
Explanation - Adhocracy cultures encourage flexibility and innovation to adapt to dynamic environments.
Correct answer is: Adhocracy culture
Q.8 Which of the following is a visible element of organizational culture?
Values
Beliefs
Symbols and rituals
Assumptions
Explanation - Symbols, rituals, and ceremonies are visible artifacts of organizational culture.
Correct answer is: Symbols and rituals
Q.9 Which leadership style is most associated with strong organizational culture?
Autocratic
Transformational
Transactional
Laissez-faire
Explanation - Transformational leaders inspire employees and reinforce shared values, fostering strong organizational culture.
Correct answer is: Transformational
Q.10 Which concept describes the degree to which employees feel connected to their organization?
Job analysis
Organizational commitment
Role conflict
Work design
Explanation - Organizational commitment reflects an employee’s emotional attachment and loyalty to the organization.
Correct answer is: Organizational commitment
Q.11 According to Schein, which is the deepest level of organizational culture?
Artifacts
Espoused values
Basic assumptions
Norms
Explanation - Schein identified basic assumptions as the core, underlying beliefs that shape organizational culture.
Correct answer is: Basic assumptions
Q.12 Which organizational culture type emphasizes stability, rules, and efficiency?
Clan culture
Market culture
Hierarchy culture
Adhocracy culture
Explanation - Hierarchy cultures rely on formal rules and structured procedures to maintain order.
Correct answer is: Hierarchy culture
Q.13 Which of the following is NOT a cultural dimension identified by Hofstede?
Power distance
Individualism vs. collectivism
Innovation vs. tradition
Uncertainty avoidance
Explanation - Innovation vs. tradition is not one of Hofstede’s six dimensions.
Correct answer is: Innovation vs. tradition
Q.14 What is meant by 'subculture' in an organization?
Culture of an entire society
A smaller group within an organization with distinct values
The dominant culture of the organization
Unwritten rules of the society
Explanation - Subcultures exist within organizations, often in departments or teams, with slightly different values from the dominant culture.
Correct answer is: A smaller group within an organization with distinct values
Q.15 Which of the following is an example of an organizational artifact?
Belief in teamwork
Written mission statement
Assumption of fairness
Value of honesty
Explanation - Artifacts are visible and tangible elements like mission statements, logos, and office design.
Correct answer is: Written mission statement
Q.16 What is organizational socialization?
Training in technical skills
The process of newcomers learning the culture
Employee counseling programs
Financial onboarding process
Explanation - Organizational socialization is the way new employees adapt to the organizational culture and norms.
Correct answer is: The process of newcomers learning the culture
Q.17 Which element of organizational behavior focuses on interpersonal relationships?
Individual behavior
Group behavior
Organizational systems
Economic models
Explanation - Group behavior explores how people interact in teams and other collective settings within organizations.
Correct answer is: Group behavior
Q.18 Which type of organizational culture emphasizes teamwork, participation, and family-like atmosphere?
Market culture
Clan culture
Adhocracy culture
Hierarchy culture
Explanation - Clan cultures foster collaboration and treat the organization like a family.
Correct answer is: Clan culture
Q.19 Which scholar proposed Theory X and Theory Y about worker motivation?
Abraham Maslow
Douglas McGregor
Frederick Herzberg
Elton Mayo
Explanation - McGregor’s Theory X assumes workers dislike work, while Theory Y assumes they are self-motivated.
Correct answer is: Douglas McGregor
Q.20 Which of the following best illustrates a strong organizational culture?
Low employee commitment
Shared beliefs and clear values
High employee turnover
Frequent cultural conflicts
Explanation - Strong organizational cultures are characterized by clearly communicated and widely shared values.
Correct answer is: Shared beliefs and clear values
Q.21 Which of the following is a disadvantage of strong organizational culture?
Low employee loyalty
Resistance to change
Weak identity
Reduced performance
Explanation - Strong cultures sometimes resist adaptation, making it harder to implement changes.
Correct answer is: Resistance to change
Q.22 Which factor most influences the development of organizational culture?
Technology
Leadership
Economic conditions
Office layout
Explanation - Leaders shape and reinforce organizational culture through decisions, communication, and behavior.
Correct answer is: Leadership
Q.23 Which term refers to the shared expectations about appropriate workplace behavior?
Beliefs
Norms
Values
Assumptions
Explanation - Norms are informal rules guiding behavior within an organization.
Correct answer is: Norms
Q.24 Which of the following is an example of espoused values in Schein’s model?
Dress code
Teamwork as a stated principle
Open office layout
Unspoken assumption of hierarchy
Explanation - Espoused values are the explicitly stated principles, such as teamwork or customer focus.
Correct answer is: Teamwork as a stated principle
Q.25 Which dimension of Hofstede relates to acceptance of unequal power distribution?
Uncertainty avoidance
Masculinity vs. femininity
Power distance
Individualism vs. collectivism
Explanation - Power distance measures the extent to which less powerful members accept unequal power in society or organizations.
Correct answer is: Power distance