Q.1 What is the primary purpose of job analysis?
To determine employee satisfaction
To define job responsibilities and requirements
To assess organizational climate
To design training programs
Explanation - Job analysis systematically gathers information about the tasks, duties, and qualifications required for a job, forming the basis for recruitment, selection, training, and performance appraisal.
Correct answer is: To define job responsibilities and requirements
Q.2 Which method involves having job incumbents keep a daily log of their tasks?
Critical incident technique
Diary/Log method
Observation method
Questionnaire method
Explanation - The Diary or Log method requires incumbents to record their activities throughout the day, providing detailed and time-based information.
Correct answer is: Diary/Log method
Q.3 In job design, what does 'job enlargement' refer to?
Increasing pay for a job
Adding more tasks of similar complexity
Increasing autonomy and decision-making
Rotating employees between jobs
Explanation - Job enlargement expands the scope of a job by adding similar-level tasks to reduce boredom and monotony.
Correct answer is: Adding more tasks of similar complexity
Q.4 Which tool is often used to graphically represent sequences of tasks and their interactions?
KSA chart
Workflow diagram
Job description
Task inventory
Explanation - Workflow diagrams map out the sequence and flow of tasks, including interactions, helping clarify how work progresses.
Correct answer is: Workflow diagram
Q.5 What does KSA stand for in job analysis?
Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities
Knowledge, Standards, and Actions
Key Skills Assessment
Knowledge, Systems, and Attitudes
Explanation - KSA refers to the Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities that a person must possess to perform a job successfully.
Correct answer is: Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities
Q.6 Which job design approach increases job workers’ control over how they perform tasks?
Job enlargement
Job specialization
Job autonomy
Job rotation
Explanation - Job autonomy allows employees more freedom and discretion in how they carry out their tasks, often improving motivation and satisfaction.
Correct answer is: Job autonomy
Q.7 What is the critical incident technique in job analysis?
A method to log all tasks each day
A technique capturing behaviors that lead to success or failure
A way to design jobs with high complexity
A survey distributed to supervisors
Explanation - The critical incident technique involves collecting specific examples of effective or ineffective behavior related to job performance.
Correct answer is: A technique capturing behaviors that lead to success or failure
Q.8 Which of the following is NOT typically a component of a job description?
Job duties
Required qualifications
Salary negotiation strategies
Working conditions
Explanation - A job description outlines duties, qualifications, and conditions, but salary negotiation strategies are not typically included.
Correct answer is: Salary negotiation strategies
Q.9 Job rotation is most useful for:
Increasing job monotony
Developing a variety of skills
Reducing training costs
Eliminating the need for job analysis
Explanation - Job rotation moves employees across different tasks to enhance their skillset, flexibility, and understanding of multiple roles.
Correct answer is: Developing a variety of skills
Q.10 Which method is most effective for identifying the KSA’s required for clerical work through standardized reporting?
Interviews
Questionnaires
Observations
Diary/Log
Explanation - Questionnaires can efficiently gather structured data on KSAs across many incumbents, particularly for routine jobs like clerical work.
Correct answer is: Questionnaires
Q.11 What is job simplification aimed at?
Making a job more complex
Breaking down tasks into simpler components
Increasing decision‑making
Expanding job variety
Explanation - Job simplification reduces job complexity by dividing tasks into small, repetitive, and easier-to-perform units, often for efficiency.
Correct answer is: Breaking down tasks into simpler components
Q.12 What does O*NET provide in the context of job analysis?
Real‑time productivity tracking
A database of standardized job information
Psychometric tests
Employee satisfaction surveys
Explanation - O*NET is a publicly accessible database providing standardized information on job tasks, skills, knowledge, and more.
Correct answer is: A database of standardized job information
Q.13 Which outcome is least likely to result from effective job design?
Increased job satisfaction
Better performance
Higher absenteeism
Improved safety
Explanation - Effective job design aims to reduce absenteeism—not increase it—by enhancing motivation, clarity, and fit between person and job.
Correct answer is: Higher absenteeism
Q.14 Task significance refers to:
The degree tasks are repetitive
How important a task is to other people
The physical difficulty of tasks
How long a task takes
Explanation - Task significance measures the impact of a job on other people, contributing to perceived meaningfulness.
Correct answer is: How important a task is to other people
Q.15 Which job design theory includes skill variety, task identity, and task significance as core dimensions?
Hawthorne effect model
Job characteristics model
Maslow's motivation theory
Equity theory
Explanation - The Job Characteristics Model posits that skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback lead to job motivation.
Correct answer is: Job characteristics model
Q.16 Which is a drawback of job specialization?
Improved quality
Boredom and fatigue
Faster training
Consistency of output
Explanation - While specialization can improve efficiency and consistency, it often leads to boredom and reduced motivation among workers.
Correct answer is: Boredom and fatigue
Q.17 What is the difference between job description and job specification?
Description covers duties; specification covers qualifications
Description lists required skills; specification lists duties
There is no difference
Description is for managers; specification is for employees
Explanation - Job descriptions detail responsibilities and tasks, while job specifications outline qualifications, KSAs, and conditions required for the job.
Correct answer is: Description covers duties; specification covers qualifications
Q.18 Which concept describes giving employees tasks that are both meaningful and provide variety?
Task fragmentation
Enrichment
Specialization
Rotation
Explanation - Job enrichment enhances a role by adding tasks that increase challenge, responsibility, and meaningfulness.
Correct answer is: Enrichment
Q.19 Which analysis method asks incumbents to rate how frequently and how important tasks are?
Functional job analysis
Position analysis questionnaire (PAQ)
Task inventory analysis
Observation
Explanation - Task inventories list job tasks and have incumbents rate each by frequency and importance, helping prioritize job content.
Correct answer is: Task inventory analysis
Q.20 What does 'ergonomic job design' focus on?
Psychological benefits
Physical fit between worker and job
Increasing workload
Creating more challenging tasks
Explanation - Ergonomic design aims to optimize the physical well‑being of employees by adapting the job to human anatomy and reducing strain.
Correct answer is: Physical fit between worker and job
Q.21 Which job analysis outcome helps in designing valid performance appraisals?
Task descriptions and performance criteria
Salary banding
Company mission statement
Training manuals
Explanation - Clearly defined task descriptions and associated performance standards are essential in developing fair and valid appraisal tools.
Correct answer is: Task descriptions and performance criteria
Q.22 What is one advantage of using interviews for job analysis?
Very time-efficient for many incumbents
Provides rich, contextual insight
Minimizes interviewer bias automatically
Always generates quantitative data
Explanation - Interviews allow detailed exploration of tasks and KSAs with the opportunity to probe for context and examples.
Correct answer is: Provides rich, contextual insight
Q.23 Which job design intervention may help reduce turnover by making work more meaningful?
Job simplification
Job specialization
Job enrichment
Job deskilling
Explanation - By adding responsibilities, autonomy, and meaningful tasks, job enrichment can enhance employee engagement and reduce turnover.
Correct answer is: Job enrichment
Q.24 What does 'role overload' refer to in job design?
Too few tasks assigned
Lack of clarity in role expectations
Excessive work demands beyond capacity
Too much autonomy
Explanation - Role overload happens when job demands exceed the employee’s ability or resources to cope, leading to stress and burnout.
Correct answer is: Excessive work demands beyond capacity
Q.25 Which concept is central to Hackman and Oldham's Job Characteristics Model in motivating employees?
Monotony
Internal work motivation
Role ambiguity
Equity
Explanation - Hackman and Oldham’s model indicates that core job dimensions enhance psychological states, particularly internal work motivation.
Correct answer is: Internal work motivation
Q.26 What is the primary purpose of job analysis?
To hire employees
To evaluate employee performance
To identify job duties and requirements
To design office layouts
Explanation - Job analysis systematically identifies the tasks, responsibilities, and skills needed for a job, serving as a foundation for HR functions.
Correct answer is: To identify job duties and requirements
Q.27 Which of the following is a common method of job analysis?
Observation
Brainstorming
Meditation
Benchmarking
Explanation - Observation involves watching employees perform their tasks to understand job requirements and responsibilities.
Correct answer is: Observation
Q.28 Job description mainly provides information about:
Employee’s career goals
Tasks and responsibilities of the job
Salary structure
Personal hobbies of the employee
Explanation - A job description outlines duties, responsibilities, and conditions of a job.
Correct answer is: Tasks and responsibilities of the job
Q.29 Which document focuses on the qualifications and skills needed for a job?
Job Specification
Job Description
Performance Appraisal
Training Manual
Explanation - Job specification details the education, skills, experience, and other attributes required for the role.
Correct answer is: Job Specification
Q.30 Which approach to job design focuses on increasing motivation by adding variety and responsibility?
Job Rotation
Job Enlargement
Job Enrichment
Job Simplification
Explanation - Job enrichment enhances motivation by adding responsibility, autonomy, and opportunities for personal growth.
Correct answer is: Job Enrichment
Q.31 Who developed the Job Characteristics Model?
Herzberg
Hackman and Oldham
Taylor
Maslow
Explanation - Hackman and Oldham created the Job Characteristics Model to show how job design affects motivation.
Correct answer is: Hackman and Oldham
Q.32 Which element is NOT part of the Job Characteristics Model?
Skill Variety
Task Identity
Pay Satisfaction
Autonomy
Explanation - The model includes skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback, but not pay satisfaction.
Correct answer is: Pay Satisfaction
Q.33 Job rotation primarily helps in:
Improving pay
Increasing skill variety
Simplifying tasks
Reducing motivation
Explanation - By moving employees through different tasks, job rotation increases skill variety and reduces monotony.
Correct answer is: Increasing skill variety
Q.34 Which job design technique involves increasing the number of tasks without increasing responsibility?
Job Enrichment
Job Rotation
Job Enlargement
Job Simplification
Explanation - Job enlargement adds more tasks at the same level of responsibility to reduce boredom.
Correct answer is: Job Enlargement
Q.35 What is the main goal of job simplification?
Making jobs more complex
Breaking down jobs into smaller tasks
Providing autonomy
Improving team dynamics
Explanation - Job simplification reduces tasks into simple, repetitive steps to increase efficiency.
Correct answer is: Breaking down jobs into smaller tasks
Q.36 Which job analysis method involves asking employees to record their daily tasks?
Observation
Work Diary
Interview
Checklist
Explanation - In the work diary method, employees maintain a record of their activities to provide insight into job tasks.
Correct answer is: Work Diary
Q.37 Job design primarily aims to balance:
Employee needs and organizational goals
Salaries and expenses
Recruitment and training
Short-term and long-term plans
Explanation - Job design ensures that both organizational productivity and employee satisfaction are met.
Correct answer is: Employee needs and organizational goals
Q.38 Task identity refers to:
The importance of a job
The completion of a whole, identifiable piece of work
The variety of skills used
The authority given to an employee
Explanation - Task identity means employees complete an entire job rather than a small fragment.
Correct answer is: The completion of a whole, identifiable piece of work
Q.39 Which is an example of job enrichment?
Adding more similar tasks
Rotating employees to different jobs
Giving employees decision-making authority
Reducing the number of tasks
Explanation - Job enrichment increases motivation by enhancing autonomy and responsibility.
Correct answer is: Giving employees decision-making authority
Q.40 Which job analysis technique involves structured questions about tasks and responsibilities?
Interview Method
Diary Method
Observation Method
Critical Incident Technique
Explanation - Interviews provide direct information about tasks, responsibilities, and job requirements.
Correct answer is: Interview Method
Q.41 Critical Incident Technique focuses on:
Unimportant daily tasks
Unusual or particularly effective/ineffective job behaviors
Salary differences
Employee turnover
Explanation - This technique collects examples of effective or ineffective behavior to analyze job requirements.
Correct answer is: Unusual or particularly effective/ineffective job behaviors
Q.42 Job specification typically includes:
Job duties
Work conditions
Required qualifications
Salary structure
Explanation - Job specification outlines qualifications such as skills, education, and experience.
Correct answer is: Required qualifications
Q.43 Which factor in job design enhances intrinsic motivation?
Autonomy
Pay
Job Security
Supervision
Explanation - Autonomy provides employees with control over their work, which increases motivation and satisfaction.
Correct answer is: Autonomy
Q.44 Which is a limitation of observation in job analysis?
It’s costly
It may miss mental tasks
It requires employee cooperation
It only works for managers
Explanation - Observation is less effective for jobs that involve thinking and decision-making, as these cannot be easily seen.
Correct answer is: It may miss mental tasks
Q.45 Job analysis data is useful for:
Training programs
Performance appraisal
Recruitment
All of the above
Explanation - Job analysis supports multiple HR functions, including recruitment, training, and performance evaluation.
Correct answer is: All of the above
Q.46 Which concept refers to how important a job is to other people’s lives?
Task Identity
Skill Variety
Task Significance
Autonomy
Explanation - Task significance measures the impact of a job on other people inside or outside the organization.
Correct answer is: Task Significance
Q.47 Which job analysis method asks supervisors to rate tasks based on importance and frequency?
Questionnaire Method
Work Diary
Observation
Critical Incident Technique
Explanation - Questionnaires often ask supervisors and employees to evaluate tasks, providing structured job data.
Correct answer is: Questionnaire Method
Q.48 The main difference between job description and job specification is:
Description focuses on duties; specification focuses on qualifications
Specification lists salaries; description lists training
Description is about company goals; specification is about job tasks
Specification is optional, description is mandatory
Explanation - Job description defines what the job entails, while job specification explains who can perform it.
Correct answer is: Description focuses on duties; specification focuses on qualifications
Q.49 Which method of job analysis uses standardized tools like PAQ (Position Analysis Questionnaire)?
Diary Method
Survey Method
Standardized Questionnaires
Interview
Explanation - The PAQ is a structured questionnaire widely used in job analysis for consistency.
Correct answer is: Standardized Questionnaires
Q.50 Job design decisions are influenced by:
Organizational goals
Technology
Employee needs
All of the above
Explanation - Job design considers organizational objectives, technological requirements, and employee satisfaction.
Correct answer is: All of the above