Q.1 Which of the following is a primary prevention strategy in public health?
Vaccination
Physical therapy
Surgery
Rehabilitation programs
Explanation - Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of disease, and vaccination is a key method for preventing infectious diseases before they occur.
Correct answer is: Vaccination
Q.2 Health education campaigns aimed at reducing smoking in adolescents are an example of:
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
Quaternary prevention
Explanation - These campaigns prevent disease onset by targeting risky behaviors before any illness develops.
Correct answer is: Primary prevention
Q.3 Which of the following best describes secondary prevention?
Preventing disease before it occurs
Early detection and treatment of disease
Managing long-term disease
Eliminating environmental risk factors
Explanation - Secondary prevention focuses on detecting and treating diseases early to prevent complications.
Correct answer is: Early detection and treatment of disease
Q.4 Screening for high blood pressure is an example of which type of prevention?
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary
Explanation - Screening identifies existing conditions early, allowing intervention to prevent progression.
Correct answer is: Secondary
Q.5 Tertiary prevention in health psychology focuses on:
Preventing disease occurrence
Early detection of disease
Reducing complications of established disease
Promoting health behaviors in the population
Explanation - Tertiary prevention aims to reduce the impact of ongoing illness through rehabilitation or management strategies.
Correct answer is: Reducing complications of established disease
Q.6 Which public health intervention directly targets behavior change to reduce risk of disease?
Quarantine
Health education programs
Antibiotic treatment
Surgery
Explanation - Health education aims to modify behaviors, such as diet or exercise, to prevent illness.
Correct answer is: Health education programs
Q.7 Handwashing campaigns in schools are an example of which prevention level?
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
None of the above
Explanation - These campaigns prevent the spread of infectious diseases before infection occurs.
Correct answer is: Primary
Q.8 Which factor is considered a social determinant of health?
Genetic mutation
Income level
Vaccine efficacy
Bacterial infection
Explanation - Social determinants like income, education, and neighborhood influence health outcomes across populations.
Correct answer is: Income level
Q.9 Fluoride in drinking water is an example of which type of public health intervention?
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
Quaternary prevention
Explanation - Adding fluoride helps prevent dental cavities before they develop, making it a primary prevention measure.
Correct answer is: Primary prevention
Q.10 Which of the following is an example of behavioral prevention?
Taking antihypertensive drugs
Exercising regularly
Chemotherapy
Insulin therapy
Explanation - Behavioral prevention involves actions individuals take to reduce their risk of illness.
Correct answer is: Exercising regularly
Q.11 Immunization programs for infants primarily fall under which category?
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
Quaternary prevention
Explanation - Immunizations prevent diseases before they occur, making them primary preventive measures.
Correct answer is: Primary prevention
Q.12 Early detection of breast cancer through mammography is an example of:
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
Behavioral prevention
Explanation - Mammography detects disease at an early stage to reduce severity and improve outcomes.
Correct answer is: Secondary prevention
Q.13 Which of the following interventions reduces disability after a stroke?
Vaccination
Rehabilitation therapy
Health education
Nutritional counseling
Explanation - Rehabilitation is a tertiary prevention approach that reduces the impact of an existing condition.
Correct answer is: Rehabilitation therapy
Q.14 Which of the following is a structural intervention in public health?
Building sidewalks to promote walking
Counseling patients on diet
Administering vaccines
Screening for diabetes
Explanation - Structural interventions change the environment to make healthy behaviors easier and more accessible.
Correct answer is: Building sidewalks to promote walking
Q.15 Which is an example of community-level primary prevention?
Anti-smoking school campaigns
Cholesterol-lowering drugs
Stroke rehabilitation programs
Cancer chemotherapy
Explanation - Community-based campaigns aim to prevent disease onset across a population, making them primary prevention.
Correct answer is: Anti-smoking school campaigns
Q.16 Quarantine during an infectious disease outbreak is an example of:
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
Population control
Explanation - Quarantine prevents disease spread by reducing exposure before infection occurs.
Correct answer is: Primary prevention
Q.17 Which approach focuses on promoting healthy lifestyles to prevent chronic diseases?
Health promotion
Disease treatment
Medical rehabilitation
Pharmacological intervention
Explanation - Health promotion encourages behaviors like exercise and healthy diet to prevent disease.
Correct answer is: Health promotion
Q.18 Which of the following is an example of tertiary prevention in diabetes?
Insulin therapy
Diet counseling
Exercise programs
Community awareness campaigns
Explanation - Tertiary prevention manages existing disease to reduce complications and improve quality of life.
Correct answer is: Insulin therapy
Q.19 Public health surveillance is primarily used for:
Monitoring disease patterns
Preventing disease in individuals
Rehabilitation after illness
Promoting nutrition only
Explanation - Surveillance collects data to inform interventions and prevent outbreaks in populations.
Correct answer is: Monitoring disease patterns
Q.20 Which intervention targets both individual and environmental factors to reduce disease risk?
Multilevel intervention
Single-drug therapy
Surgical intervention
Behavior-only counseling
Explanation - Multilevel interventions address personal behaviors and structural/environmental factors simultaneously.
Correct answer is: Multilevel intervention
Q.21 Which of the following is an example of passive primary prevention?
Fluoridated water
Taking a vitamin supplement daily
Exercising
Attending health classes
Explanation - Passive prevention benefits the population without requiring individuals to take action.
Correct answer is: Fluoridated water
Q.22 Which factor is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
Age
Genetics
Smoking
Gender
Explanation - Modifiable risk factors like smoking can be changed to reduce disease risk, unlike age or genetics.
Correct answer is: Smoking
Q.23 Health campaigns that encourage condom use aim to prevent:
Sexually transmitted infections
Hypertension
Diabetes
Cancer only
Explanation - Behavioral interventions such as promoting safe sex prevent transmission of infections.
Correct answer is: Sexually transmitted infections
Q.24 Which public health strategy is most effective for reducing obesity at the population level?
Promoting active transport and healthy food policies
Prescribing diet pills individually
Treating obesity surgically only
Ignoring environmental factors
Explanation - Population-level strategies that change environments are more effective for widespread prevention than individual treatment alone.
Correct answer is: Promoting active transport and healthy food policies
Q.25 Which of the following is a goal of preventive medicine?
Reduce disease incidence
Cure advanced disease only
Focus solely on treatment
Ignore risk factors
Explanation - Preventive medicine aims to prevent disease occurrence or progression, not just treat symptoms.
Correct answer is: Reduce disease incidence