Q.1 Which of the following is a primary goal of behavioral health promotion?
Treating chronic illnesses after they occur
Preventing disease and promoting healthy lifestyles
Diagnosing mental health disorders
Developing new medications for diseases
Explanation - Behavioral health promotion focuses on encouraging healthy behaviors and preventing illnesses before they occur rather than treating them after onset.
Correct answer is: Preventing disease and promoting healthy lifestyles
Q.2 Which theory emphasizes the role of perceived susceptibility and benefits in health behavior change?
Social Cognitive Theory
Health Belief Model
Transtheoretical Model
Theory of Planned Behavior
Explanation - The Health Belief Model suggests that individuals’ perceptions of their risk (susceptibility) and the benefits of taking action influence their health behavior choices.
Correct answer is: Health Belief Model
Q.3 What is a key strategy in behavioral health promotion campaigns?
Using fear-based messaging exclusively
Targeting high-risk behaviors with education and support
Prescribing medication without lifestyle advice
Focusing only on genetic predispositions
Explanation - Effective health promotion identifies risky behaviors and uses educational and supportive interventions to encourage healthier choices.
Correct answer is: Targeting high-risk behaviors with education and support
Q.4 Which concept describes the ability of an individual to regulate their own health behaviors?
Self-efficacy
Health locus of control
Behavioral activation
Social support
Explanation - Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific outcomes, such as adopting healthy habits.
Correct answer is: Self-efficacy
Q.5 Motivational interviewing is primarily used in behavioral health promotion to:
Force individuals to change their behavior
Resolve ambivalence and strengthen motivation
Provide detailed medical treatments
Assess genetic risk factors
Explanation - Motivational interviewing helps individuals explore and resolve ambivalence about changing health behaviors, enhancing their intrinsic motivation.
Correct answer is: Resolve ambivalence and strengthen motivation
Q.6 Which of the following is an example of a population-level behavioral health intervention?
Individual counseling for stress management
School-wide anti-smoking campaign
Personalized diet plan from a nutritionist
Medication for high blood pressure
Explanation - Population-level interventions target groups or communities rather than individuals, aiming to influence behavior broadly.
Correct answer is: School-wide anti-smoking campaign
Q.7 According to the Transtheoretical Model, what is the first stage of behavior change?
Preparation
Action
Contemplation
Precontemplation
Explanation - Precontemplation is the stage where individuals are not yet considering change, often unaware of the need to modify behavior.
Correct answer is: Precontemplation
Q.8 Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'health literacy'?
Ability to understand and use health information to make decisions
Completing a marathon
Receiving a flu vaccine
Exercising daily
Explanation - Health literacy is the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information needed to make appropriate health decisions.
Correct answer is: Ability to understand and use health information to make decisions
Q.9 Social support is important in behavioral health promotion because it:
Directly cures diseases
Enhances adherence to health behaviors and coping
Replaces the need for education
Guarantees long-term behavior change
Explanation - Social support provides emotional, informational, and practical help that facilitates the adoption and maintenance of healthy behaviors.
Correct answer is: Enhances adherence to health behaviors and coping
Q.10 Which intervention approach emphasizes small, achievable steps toward behavior change?
Contingency management
Gradual behavior shaping
Fear appeals
Deterrence
Explanation - Behavior shaping involves reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior, helping individuals progress through manageable steps.
Correct answer is: Gradual behavior shaping
Q.11 Which of these is an example of a modifiable lifestyle factor targeted in behavioral health promotion?
Genetic predisposition to diabetes
Age-related changes in metabolism
Physical inactivity
Ethnicity
Explanation - Behavioral health promotion focuses on lifestyle factors that can be changed, such as diet, exercise, and smoking habits.
Correct answer is: Physical inactivity
Q.12 Which theory focuses on the interaction between personal, behavioral, and environmental factors in health behavior?
Social Cognitive Theory
Health Belief Model
Transtheoretical Model
Theory of Reasoned Action
Explanation - Social Cognitive Theory emphasizes reciprocal determinism, where personal factors, behavior, and environment influence each other.
Correct answer is: Social Cognitive Theory
Q.13 Which of the following is an example of a behavioral health promotion strategy for stress management?
Mindfulness meditation programs
Prescribing antidepressants
Surgical intervention
Genetic testing for stress susceptibility
Explanation - Behavioral interventions like mindfulness, relaxation training, and stress management programs are key strategies to improve mental health.
Correct answer is: Mindfulness meditation programs
Q.14 Which of these best represents a secondary prevention strategy in health promotion?
Vaccination programs
Screening for high blood pressure
Nutrition education
Promoting physical activity
Explanation - Secondary prevention involves early detection of disease to prevent progression, such as screenings for hypertension or cancer.
Correct answer is: Screening for high blood pressure
Q.15 Which method is commonly used to assess readiness for behavior change in individuals?
Blood tests
Stages of Change assessment
Neuroimaging
Randomized controlled trials
Explanation - The Stages of Change assessment identifies whether a person is in precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, or maintenance stages of change.
Correct answer is: Stages of Change assessment
Q.16 Which of the following interventions uses positive reinforcement to encourage healthy behaviors?
Contingency management
Punitive measures
Surgical procedures
Cognitive restructuring only
Explanation - Contingency management involves providing rewards or incentives to reinforce desired behaviors, commonly used in addiction treatment and health promotion.
Correct answer is: Contingency management
Q.17 Which of the following best reflects a culturally sensitive approach in behavioral health promotion?
Ignoring cultural beliefs and applying standard protocols
Adapting interventions to fit cultural norms and values
Assuming all populations have the same health behaviors
Using only online campaigns
Explanation - Culturally sensitive interventions respect beliefs and practices of diverse populations, improving effectiveness and engagement.
Correct answer is: Adapting interventions to fit cultural norms and values
Q.18 Which is an example of a structural approach to behavioral health promotion?
Creating bike lanes to encourage physical activity
Individual counseling
Mindfulness apps
Personal diet plans
Explanation - Structural approaches modify the environment or policy to facilitate healthy behaviors on a community or population level.
Correct answer is: Creating bike lanes to encourage physical activity
Q.19 Which factor is most likely to influence maintenance of behavior change long-term?
Initial motivation only
Availability of social and environmental support
Single counseling session
Medical testing once
Explanation - Sustained behavior change often depends on ongoing social support, environmental facilitation, and reinforcement.
Correct answer is: Availability of social and environmental support
Q.20 Which of these is an example of a tertiary prevention behavior in health promotion?
Rehabilitation exercise after a heart attack
Vaccination against measles
Smoking cessation education for teenagers
Healthy eating promotion for adults
Explanation - Tertiary prevention focuses on reducing complications or improving quality of life after a disease has occurred.
Correct answer is: Rehabilitation exercise after a heart attack
Q.21 Which strategy helps improve adherence to medication or treatment in behavioral health?
Education and reminders
Punishment for non-compliance
Ignoring patient concerns
Assuming they will comply automatically
Explanation - Educational interventions and reminder systems enhance patients’ understanding and motivation, improving adherence.
Correct answer is: Education and reminders
Q.22 Self-monitoring of health behaviors, such as tracking food intake or exercise, primarily serves to:
Increase awareness and accountability for behavior
Diagnose diseases
Replace professional guidance
Reduce the need for intervention
Explanation - Self-monitoring is an effective behavioral strategy that helps individuals recognize patterns and make informed decisions about health behaviors.
Correct answer is: Increase awareness and accountability for behavior
Q.23 Which approach in health promotion emphasizes peer influence and group norms to change behavior?
Peer education programs
Individual counseling only
Medical prescriptions
Genetic screening
Explanation - Peer education leverages social influence, role modeling, and group norms to encourage healthy behaviors among target populations.
Correct answer is: Peer education programs
Q.24 Which of the following best illustrates an ecological approach to behavioral health promotion?
Integrating individual, community, and policy interventions
Focusing solely on individual behavior change
Providing medications only
Offering one-time workshops
Explanation - An ecological approach addresses multiple levels of influence on behavior, including individual, social, organizational, and policy factors.
Correct answer is: Integrating individual, community, and policy interventions