Q.1 What is the primary process through which individuals learn the norms and values of their culture?
Conditioning
Socialization
Enculturation
Assimilation
Explanation - Socialization is the process by which individuals learn the behaviors, norms, and values appropriate to their culture.
Correct answer is: Socialization
Q.2 Which of the following best describes 'enculturation'?
Learning one's own culture
Adopting another culture
Rejecting cultural norms
Socializing peers
Explanation - Enculturation refers to the process by which individuals learn and adopt the behaviors and norms of their own culture.
Correct answer is: Learning one's own culture
Q.3 According to cultural psychologists, which factor most influences personality development?
Genetics
Cultural context
Random experiences
Diet
Explanation - Cultural psychologists emphasize that personality is shaped largely by the social and cultural environment in which a person grows up.
Correct answer is: Cultural context
Q.4 Which agent of socialization is primarily responsible for teaching formal knowledge and skills?
Family
Peers
School
Media
Explanation - Schools provide structured education, teaching children formal knowledge, skills, and social norms.
Correct answer is: School
Q.5 The term 'cultural norms' refers to:
Genetically inherited behaviors
Societal rules and expectations
Personal preferences
Random choices
Explanation - Cultural norms are the shared rules and expectations within a society that guide behavior.
Correct answer is: Societal rules and expectations
Q.6 Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'peer socialization'?
A child learning language from parents
Teens adopting fashion trends from friends
A student learning math from a teacher
Watching cultural shows on TV
Explanation - Peer socialization occurs when individuals adopt behaviors, attitudes, or norms from their peer group.
Correct answer is: Teens adopting fashion trends from friends
Q.7 Which psychological perspective emphasizes the role of culture in shaping human behavior?
Behaviorism
Cultural Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Psychoanalysis
Explanation - Cultural psychology studies how cultural contexts influence human behavior, cognition, and emotion.
Correct answer is: Cultural Psychology
Q.8 Which term describes the process of learning another culture to fit into it?
Acculturation
Assimilation
Enculturation
Socialization
Explanation - Acculturation is the process of adopting the cultural traits or social patterns of another group.
Correct answer is: Acculturation
Q.9 What is the primary function of family in socialization?
Teaching technical skills
Providing emotional support and cultural norms
Imposing legal rules
Monitoring peer groups
Explanation - Families socialize children by teaching values, norms, and providing emotional guidance.
Correct answer is: Providing emotional support and cultural norms
Q.10 Which factor can cause variations in socialization processes across cultures?
Language, customs, and beliefs
Eye color
Height
Blood type
Explanation - Socialization is influenced by cultural elements such as language, customs, and beliefs, leading to cross-cultural differences.
Correct answer is: Language, customs, and beliefs
Q.11 In cultural psychology, what is the relationship between culture and cognition?
Culture shapes the way we think
Cognition shapes culture exclusively
They are independent
Culture only affects emotions
Explanation - Cultural psychology posits that cognitive processes are influenced by the cultural environment.
Correct answer is: Culture shapes the way we think
Q.12 Which of the following is an example of indirect socialization through media?
Learning table manners from parents
Observing social behaviors in TV shows
Learning to ride a bicycle from a sibling
Participating in classroom debates
Explanation - Media can indirectly teach norms, values, and behaviors without direct interaction.
Correct answer is: Observing social behaviors in TV shows
Q.13 What role do rituals play in cultural socialization?
They have no significant role
They reinforce cultural values and norms
They only entertain
They confuse social expectations
Explanation - Rituals provide structured experiences through which individuals internalize cultural beliefs and practices.
Correct answer is: They reinforce cultural values and norms
Q.14 Which concept explains why individuals might adopt behaviors of a dominant culture while keeping elements of their own?
Enculturation
Assimilation
Biculturalism
Social learning
Explanation - Biculturalism refers to the ability to navigate and incorporate aspects of two cultures simultaneously.
Correct answer is: Biculturalism
Q.15 Which of the following best represents 'norm internalization'?
Following rules only when observed
Believing and acting according to societal norms without external enforcement
Breaking rules deliberately
Rejecting cultural expectations
Explanation - Norm internalization occurs when societal rules are adopted as personal standards guiding behavior.
Correct answer is: Believing and acting according to societal norms without external enforcement
Q.16 Which type of socialization involves learning specialized roles, such as professional behavior?
Primary socialization
Secondary socialization
Tertiary socialization
Peer socialization
Explanation - Secondary socialization occurs later in life and involves learning behaviors appropriate for specific roles in society.
Correct answer is: Secondary socialization
Q.17 How does culture influence moral development according to cultural psychologists?
It provides universal standards for morality
It shapes the understanding of right and wrong within a cultural context
It has no influence
It determines IQ levels
Explanation - Moral development is influenced by cultural norms, values, and practices that define ethical behavior.
Correct answer is: It shapes the understanding of right and wrong within a cultural context
Q.18 Which of the following is an example of anticipatory socialization?
A child learning to cook for a family celebration
A student practicing professional behavior for a future job
A toddler mimicking a parent
Watching cartoons
Explanation - Anticipatory socialization involves learning behaviors and roles that one expects to assume in the future.
Correct answer is: A student practicing professional behavior for a future job
Q.19 Which statement best explains the relationship between language and culture?
Language is independent of culture
Language reflects and transmits cultural values
Culture changes language completely
Language is only for communication, not culture
Explanation - Language is a key medium through which cultural knowledge, norms, and values are communicated and preserved.
Correct answer is: Language reflects and transmits cultural values
Q.20 Which of the following best illustrates cultural variation in socialization?
All children globally learn to walk at the same age
Different societies emphasize obedience versus independence differently
Everyone values punctuality equally
Genetics dictate social behaviors
Explanation - Cultural norms influence the specific traits and behaviors that are encouraged during socialization.
Correct answer is: Different societies emphasize obedience versus independence differently
Q.21 Which type of socialization is most influenced by mass media and technology?
Primary socialization
Secondary socialization
Anticipatory socialization
Resocialization
Explanation - Secondary socialization occurs through agents beyond the family, including peers, media, and institutions.
Correct answer is: Secondary socialization
Q.22 Which concept explains how cultural expectations guide emotional expression?
Emotional regulation
Display rules
Cognitive dissonance
Enculturation
Explanation - Display rules are cultural norms that dictate how emotions should be expressed in different contexts.
Correct answer is: Display rules
Q.23 What is the main difference between socialization and acculturation?
Socialization is lifelong, acculturation is only childhood
Socialization involves learning one's own culture, acculturation involves learning another culture
They are identical processes
Acculturation rejects social norms entirely
Explanation - Socialization is the process of learning the norms and values of one's own culture, while acculturation involves adapting to a different cultural context.
Correct answer is: Socialization involves learning one's own culture, acculturation involves learning another culture
Q.24 Resocialization refers to:
Learning a new role that replaces previous norms
Primary socialization during childhood
Learning from peers
Watching cultural programs on TV
Explanation - Resocialization occurs when individuals undergo significant changes in values, norms, or roles, often in new social environments.
Correct answer is: Learning a new role that replaces previous norms