Q.1 Which term best describes the sense of belonging to a particular cultural group?
Ethnocentrism
Cultural identity
Acculturation
Enculturation
Explanation - Cultural identity refers to an individual's sense of belonging to a specific cultural group, influenced by traditions, values, and beliefs.
Correct answer is: Cultural identity
Q.2 The process by which individuals adopt aspects of another culture while retaining their original culture is called:
Assimilation
Enculturation
Acculturation
Marginalization
Explanation - Acculturation occurs when individuals adapt to a new culture but continue to maintain aspects of their original cultural identity.
Correct answer is: Acculturation
Q.3 Which psychologist emphasized the importance of cultural context in understanding human behavior?
Sigmund Freud
Lev Vygotsky
B.F. Skinner
Jean Piaget
Explanation - Vygotsky highlighted that cognitive development is shaped by social interactions and cultural context, making culture central to understanding behavior.
Correct answer is: Lev Vygotsky
Q.4 When a person identifies strongly with multiple cultural groups simultaneously, this is known as:
Cultural conflict
Bicultural identity
Monoculturalism
Cultural assimilation
Explanation - Bicultural identity refers to the ability to integrate and navigate two or more cultural identities effectively.
Correct answer is: Bicultural identity
Q.5 Ethnocentrism can lead to:
Cultural relativism
Cultural bias
Cultural integration
Enculturation
Explanation - Ethnocentrism is the tendency to view one's own culture as superior, which often leads to biased judgments about other cultures.
Correct answer is: Cultural bias
Q.6 The internalization of one’s native culture from childhood is called:
Acculturation
Enculturation
Assimilation
Socialization
Explanation - Enculturation is the process by which individuals learn and adopt the norms, values, and behaviors of their native culture.
Correct answer is: Enculturation
Q.7 Which factor most strongly influences the formation of cultural identity?
Genetics
Language, traditions, and social practices
IQ level
Physical environment
Explanation - Cultural identity is shaped primarily by social and cultural experiences such as language, traditions, and shared practices.
Correct answer is: Language, traditions, and social practices
Q.8 A person experiencing confusion between two cultural norms may face:
Cultural conflict
Cultural diffusion
Acculturation
Ethnocentrism
Explanation - Cultural conflict arises when an individual encounters incompatible cultural values, beliefs, or practices, leading to internal or social tension.
Correct answer is: Cultural conflict
Q.9 The theory that all cultural practices should be understood relative to their own context is called:
Ethnocentrism
Cultural relativism
Cultural assimilation
Biculturalism
Explanation - Cultural relativism asserts that no culture is superior, and behaviors or beliefs should be evaluated within their own cultural context.
Correct answer is: Cultural relativism
Q.10 Which of the following is NOT a typical outcome of acculturation?
Integration
Separation
Assimilation
Enculturation
Explanation - Enculturation refers to adopting one's native culture, not the process of adapting to a new culture, which is acculturation.
Correct answer is: Enculturation
Q.11 Cultural identity can influence which psychological aspect the most?
Memory retention
Self-concept
Reflex actions
Motor skills
Explanation - Cultural identity shapes self-concept by influencing how individuals perceive themselves, their values, and their place in society.
Correct answer is: Self-concept
Q.12 Marginalization in cultural psychology refers to:
Fully adopting a new culture
Rejecting both one's own and a new culture
Maintaining only one's own culture
Integrating two cultures
Explanation - Marginalization occurs when an individual fails to identify with either their native culture or the dominant culture they are exposed to.
Correct answer is: Rejecting both one's own and a new culture
Q.13 The sense of pride and connection one feels with their ethnic group is known as:
Ethnic identity
Cultural assimilation
Acculturation
Enculturation
Explanation - Ethnic identity refers to an individual's sense of belonging and pride in their ethnic heritage, part of broader cultural identity.
Correct answer is: Ethnic identity
Q.14 Which of the following best represents cultural hybridity?
A person abandoning their original culture
A fusion of multiple cultural influences
Strictly following traditional norms
Ethnocentric behavior
Explanation - Cultural hybridity involves blending elements from multiple cultures to form a new, integrated cultural identity.
Correct answer is: A fusion of multiple cultural influences
Q.15 Collectivist cultures generally emphasize:
Individual achievement
Group harmony and interdependence
Personal freedom
Self-expression above all
Explanation - Collectivist cultures prioritize the well-being of the group over individual desires, shaping cultural identity and social behavior.
Correct answer is: Group harmony and interdependence
Q.16 In cultural psychology, the term 'cultural scripts' refers to:
Genetic programming
Predefined norms and behaviors guiding interactions
Accidental social behaviors
Universal moral principles
Explanation - Cultural scripts are shared guidelines for behavior, shaping expectations and identity within a cultural context.
Correct answer is: Predefined norms and behaviors guiding interactions
Q.17 Cultural identity crises often occur during:
Early childhood
Adolescence and young adulthood
Middle age
Old age
Explanation - Cultural identity crises are common during adolescence and young adulthood as individuals explore their values, beliefs, and place in multiple cultural contexts.
Correct answer is: Adolescence and young adulthood
Q.18 Which of the following is an example of cultural assimilation?
Maintaining traditional practices while adopting a new culture
Abandoning one's native culture for the dominant culture
Rejecting both cultures
Balancing multiple cultural identities
Explanation - Assimilation involves fully adopting the dominant culture and minimizing attachment to one's original cultural identity.
Correct answer is: Abandoning one's native culture for the dominant culture
Q.19 Which method is most commonly used to study cultural identity in psychology?
Experiments
Longitudinal surveys and interviews
Neuroimaging
Randomized controlled trials
Explanation - Cultural identity is often assessed through qualitative methods like interviews and longitudinal surveys to capture evolving experiences and perspectives.
Correct answer is: Longitudinal surveys and interviews
Q.20 The concept of 'ingroup' and 'outgroup' in cultural psychology helps explain:
Motor development
Social categorization and identity
Language acquisition
Memory retention
Explanation - Ingroup-outgroup distinctions help explain how individuals identify with certain cultural groups and differentiate themselves from others.
Correct answer is: Social categorization and identity
Q.21 Which cultural factor most directly affects self-esteem and self-concept?
Economic status
Cultural norms and values
Dietary habits
Climate
Explanation - Cultural norms and values shape expectations and perceptions of success, influencing self-esteem and self-concept.
Correct answer is: Cultural norms and values
Q.22 Enculturation differs from acculturation in that it:
Occurs when adopting a new culture
Occurs within one's native culture
Is always voluntary
Leads to marginalization
Explanation - Enculturation is the process of learning the values, norms, and practices of one's native culture, whereas acculturation involves adapting to a different culture.
Correct answer is: Occurs within one's native culture
Q.23 Cultural identity is most likely to influence:
Blood pressure
Decision-making and moral judgments
Height
Genetic traits
Explanation - Cultural identity shapes perspectives, ethics, and social decisions, affecting how individuals make choices within cultural contexts.
Correct answer is: Decision-making and moral judgments
Q.24 A person who fully adopts the cultural norms of a new society but keeps no connection to their original culture is demonstrating:
Biculturalism
Assimilation
Integration
Marginalization
Explanation - Assimilation occurs when an individual abandons their original cultural identity and fully embraces the new culture.
Correct answer is: Assimilation