Q.1 Which of the following best describes a 'primary group'?
A group formed for task completion
A small, close-knit group with strong emotional ties
A group that meets online
A large organization with formal structure
Explanation - Primary groups are small and characterized by close, personal, and enduring relationships, like family or close friends.
Correct answer is: A small, close-knit group with strong emotional ties
Q.2 Tuckman's model of group development includes all EXCEPT:
Forming
Storming
Norming
Transforming
Explanation - Tuckman's model consists of Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning. 'Transforming' is not part of it.
Correct answer is: Transforming
Q.3 In group counseling, 'cohesion' refers to:
The leader's authority
The emotional bonding and unity among members
The number of tasks completed
The level of conflict in the group
Explanation - Cohesion is the sense of solidarity, trust, and belonging that develops among group members, which facilitates effective functioning.
Correct answer is: The emotional bonding and unity among members
Q.4 Which type of leadership is most common in therapeutic group settings?
Autocratic
Democratic
Laissez-faire
Transactional
Explanation - Democratic leadership encourages participation, collaboration, and self-expression, which are essential in counseling groups.
Correct answer is: Democratic
Q.5 Social loafing in a group occurs when:
Members over-perform to impress others
Members contribute less effort than when working alone
Conflict arises between leaders
Members try to dominate discussions
Explanation - Social loafing refers to the tendency of individuals to exert less effort in a group than when working individually, often due to diffusion of responsibility.
Correct answer is: Members contribute less effort than when working alone
Q.6 A 'task-oriented group' primarily focuses on:
Emotional support
Completing specific objectives
Building friendships
Self-disclosure
Explanation - Task-oriented groups are formed to achieve concrete goals, like problem-solving or completing a project.
Correct answer is: Completing specific objectives
Q.7 Which stage in Tuckman’s model is characterized by high conflict among group members?
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Explanation - The storming stage involves interpersonal conflicts, power struggles, and resistance as members assert opinions and roles.
Correct answer is: Storming
Q.8 Which of the following best defines 'groupthink'?
A group solving problems efficiently
Conformity pressures leading to poor decision-making
A type of brainstorming
Conflict resolution technique
Explanation - Groupthink occurs when the desire for harmony or conformity in a group results in irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcomes.
Correct answer is: Conformity pressures leading to poor decision-making
Q.9 Which factor is crucial for effective group decision-making?
Size of the group
Diversity of opinions
Presence of a single dominant member
Uniformity of background
Explanation - Diverse perspectives help the group consider multiple alternatives and reduce biases, improving decision quality.
Correct answer is: Diversity of opinions
Q.10 The term 'norms' in group dynamics refers to:
Written rules of the organization
Expected behaviors and rules in a group
Legal regulations
Conflict resolution strategies
Explanation - Norms are unwritten or formal rules that guide the behavior of group members and influence group cohesion and effectiveness.
Correct answer is: Expected behaviors and rules in a group
Q.11 Which is NOT a characteristic of an effective counseling group?
Open communication
Mutual respect
Rigid hierarchy
Shared goals
Explanation - Effective counseling groups are egalitarian and collaborative, not rigidly hierarchical.
Correct answer is: Rigid hierarchy
Q.12 Which of the following is a common method to increase group cohesion?
Encouraging competition among members
Setting clear group goals and roles
Minimizing communication
Avoiding feedback
Explanation - Clear goals and defined roles reduce ambiguity, enhance trust, and increase bonding among members.
Correct answer is: Setting clear group goals and roles
Q.13 In a support group, self-disclosure is important because it:
Increases competition
Fosters trust and empathy
Reduces cohesion
Discourages participation
Explanation - Self-disclosure helps members feel understood, builds trust, and strengthens group cohesion.
Correct answer is: Fosters trust and empathy
Q.14 Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of group counseling?
Social support
Opportunities for learning
Pressure to conform
Shared experiences
Explanation - Group counseling can sometimes pressure members to conform, which may inhibit individuality or honest expression.
Correct answer is: Pressure to conform
Q.15 A 'task role' in a group refers to:
Maintaining harmony
Helping complete group objectives
Challenging authority
Forming friendships
Explanation - Task roles are behaviors that help the group achieve its goals, such as initiating ideas or coordinating efforts.
Correct answer is: Helping complete group objectives
Q.16 Which is an example of a 'maintenance role' in group dynamics?
Encouraging members
Providing information
Setting deadlines
Analyzing problems
Explanation - Maintenance roles focus on preserving group relationships and cohesion, like supporting or mediating among members.
Correct answer is: Encouraging members
Q.17 In group counseling, resistance is often:
A sign of personal growth
A barrier to progress
Ignored by leaders
A type of conflict only in tasks
Explanation - Resistance (e.g., reluctance to share) can impede the group's progress but may also provide useful insight if addressed properly.
Correct answer is: A barrier to progress
Q.18 Which is a common sign of a highly cohesive group?
Frequent arguments
High member retention and participation
Lack of communication
Minimal task focus
Explanation - Cohesive groups show commitment, regular participation, and strong loyalty among members.
Correct answer is: High member retention and participation
Q.19 Role ambiguity in a group can lead to:
Increased efficiency
Confusion and conflict
Enhanced cohesion
Clearer leadership
Explanation - When members are unsure of their roles, it can create tension, misunderstandings, and decreased group effectiveness.
Correct answer is: Confusion and conflict
Q.20 Which technique is commonly used to facilitate communication in group counseling?
Active listening
Ignoring silence
Discouraging feedback
Overloading members with tasks
Explanation - Active listening encourages understanding, empathy, and meaningful interaction among group members.
Correct answer is: Active listening
Q.21 Which of the following best illustrates 'informal leadership' in groups?
A designated team captain
A member who influences others without formal authority
The counselor in a therapy group
A chairperson in a board meeting
Explanation - Informal leaders gain influence through respect, expertise, or charisma rather than an official role.
Correct answer is: A member who influences others without formal authority
Q.22 A 'closed group' in counseling refers to:
A group that meets secretly
A group with fixed membership and no new entrants
A group with rotating members
A group that meets online only
Explanation - Closed groups maintain the same membership throughout the program to build trust and cohesion.
Correct answer is: A group with fixed membership and no new entrants
Q.23 Which of the following is an advantage of heterogeneous groups?
Reduced conflict
Increased diversity of perspectives
Easier consensus
Limited learning opportunities
Explanation - Heterogeneous groups have members with varied backgrounds and skills, leading to richer discussions and learning.
Correct answer is: Increased diversity of perspectives
Q.24 The term 'adjournment' in Tuckman's model refers to:
Forming new groups
Dissolution of the group after task completion
Conflict resolution
Norm establishment
Explanation - The adjourning stage occurs when the group completes its goals and disbands.
Correct answer is: Dissolution of the group after task completion
Q.25 Which strategy helps prevent groupthink?
Encouraging dissenting opinions
Limiting discussion time
Promoting conformity
Avoiding external feedback
Explanation - Encouraging members to express differing viewpoints reduces the risk of poor decisions caused by groupthink.
Correct answer is: Encouraging dissenting opinions