Q.1 Which of the following is considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia?
Apathy
Hallucinations
Flat affect
Social withdrawal
Explanation - Positive symptoms of schizophrenia include hallucinations and delusions, which are additions to normal behavior.
Correct answer is: Hallucinations
Q.2 Major depressive disorder is primarily characterized by:
Elevated mood
Persistent sadness
Rapid speech
Grandiosity
Explanation - Major depressive disorder involves prolonged periods of low mood, loss of interest, and other cognitive and physical symptoms.
Correct answer is: Persistent sadness
Q.3 Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) involves:
Uncontrolled aggression
Recurrent unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors
Memory loss
Manic episodes
Explanation - OCD is characterized by obsessions (intrusive thoughts) and compulsions (repetitive behaviors aimed at reducing anxiety).
Correct answer is: Recurrent unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors
Q.4 Which disorder is primarily associated with extreme fear of social situations?
Panic disorder
Social anxiety disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Explanation - Social anxiety disorder involves intense fear of being judged or embarrassed in social situations.
Correct answer is: Social anxiety disorder
Q.5 Bipolar disorder is characterized by:
Alternating episodes of mania and depression
Persistent anxiety
Hallucinations only
Memory impairment
Explanation - Bipolar disorder includes episodes of mania (elevated mood) and depression, affecting mood regulation.
Correct answer is: Alternating episodes of mania and depression
Q.6 Which of the following is a hallmark of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Memory loss
Intrusive memories of trauma
Manic episodes
Obsessive behaviors
Explanation - PTSD develops after exposure to a traumatic event, leading to flashbacks, nightmares, and avoidance behaviors.
Correct answer is: Intrusive memories of trauma
Q.7 An individual who experiences sudden, intense episodes of fear accompanied by physical symptoms like palpitations may have:
Generalized anxiety disorder
Panic disorder
Depression
Schizophrenia
Explanation - Panic disorder involves recurrent panic attacks that occur unexpectedly and are accompanied by intense physical symptoms.
Correct answer is: Panic disorder
Q.8 Dissociative identity disorder (DID) was formerly known as:
Multiple personality disorder
Schizophrenia
Borderline personality disorder
Bipolar disorder
Explanation - DID involves the presence of two or more distinct personality states and was previously called multiple personality disorder.
Correct answer is: Multiple personality disorder
Q.9 Which disorder involves persistent difficulty discarding possessions regardless of their value?
Hoarding disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder
Panic disorder
Explanation - Hoarding disorder is characterized by excessive accumulation of items and difficulty discarding them, causing distress or impairment.
Correct answer is: Hoarding disorder
Q.10 Schizophrenia typically manifests during which stage of life?
Childhood
Adolescence to early adulthood
Middle age
Late adulthood
Explanation - Schizophrenia often begins in late adolescence or early adulthood, although prodromal symptoms may appear earlier.
Correct answer is: Adolescence to early adulthood
Q.11 Which of the following is considered a negative symptom of schizophrenia?
Delusions
Flat affect
Hallucinations
Disorganized speech
Explanation - Negative symptoms reflect deficits or reductions in normal behavior, such as diminished emotional expression (flat affect).
Correct answer is: Flat affect
Q.12 A persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity is characteristic of:
Autism spectrum disorder
ADHD
Borderline personality disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Explanation - Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) involves difficulties with attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with functioning.
Correct answer is: ADHD
Q.13 Borderline personality disorder is primarily marked by:
Grandiosity and need for admiration
Instability in relationships, self-image, and emotions
Delusions and hallucinations
Persistent anxiety
Explanation - Borderline personality disorder involves emotional dysregulation, impulsive behavior, and unstable interpersonal relationships.
Correct answer is: Instability in relationships, self-image, and emotions
Q.14 Which of the following is a core feature of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
Excessive worry about multiple events
Hallucinations
Manic episodes
Memory loss
Explanation - GAD is characterized by chronic, excessive anxiety and worry about various aspects of life, lasting for at least six months.
Correct answer is: Excessive worry about multiple events
Q.15 Anhedonia, a common symptom in depression, refers to:
Loss of pleasure or interest in activities
Excessive energy
Difficulty sleeping
Persistent fear of social situations
Explanation - Anhedonia is a hallmark symptom of depression, reflecting diminished ability to experience pleasure.
Correct answer is: Loss of pleasure or interest in activities
Q.16 Which disorder is associated with repetitive pulling of one’s hair?
Trichotillomania
OCD
Body dysmorphic disorder
Panic disorder
Explanation - Trichotillomania is a body-focused repetitive behavior disorder characterized by compulsive hair pulling.
Correct answer is: Trichotillomania
Q.17 An individual who experiences persistent, irrational fears leading to avoidance may have:
Specific phobia
Schizophrenia
Depression
Bipolar disorder
Explanation - Specific phobias involve intense, irrational fear of particular objects or situations, resulting in avoidance behavior.
Correct answer is: Specific phobia
Q.18 Which symptom is characteristic of a manic episode in bipolar disorder?
Depressed mood
Elevated or irritable mood
Hallucinations
Memory loss
Explanation - Manic episodes involve abnormally elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, and often risky behavior.
Correct answer is: Elevated or irritable mood
Q.19 Catatonia is most closely associated with:
Depression
Schizophrenia
Panic disorder
OCD
Explanation - Catatonia is a psychomotor disturbance often seen in schizophrenia, involving immobility or excessive motor activity.
Correct answer is: Schizophrenia
Q.20 Which of the following is a hallmark feature of anorexia nervosa?
Excessive weight gain
Restriction of food intake leading to low body weight
Binge eating without compensatory behavior
Excessive exercise without dietary restriction
Explanation - Anorexia nervosa involves severe restriction of food intake, fear of gaining weight, and distorted body image.
Correct answer is: Restriction of food intake leading to low body weight
Q.21 Which disorder involves alternating episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors?
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
Binge-eating disorder
Pica
Explanation - Bulimia nervosa is characterized by cycles of binge eating and compensatory behaviors such as vomiting or excessive exercise.
Correct answer is: Bulimia nervosa
Q.22 A person who exhibits both depressive and manic symptoms simultaneously may be experiencing:
Mixed episode
Hypomania
Schizophrenia
Panic attack
Explanation - A mixed episode involves symptoms of both mania and depression occurring at the same time.
Correct answer is: Mixed episode
Q.23 Which disorder is characterized by persistent preoccupation with perceived flaws in physical appearance?
Body dysmorphic disorder
OCD
Hoarding disorder
Panic disorder
Explanation - Body dysmorphic disorder involves excessive concern over imagined or minor physical defects, often leading to compulsive behaviors.
Correct answer is: Body dysmorphic disorder
Q.24 Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is primarily linked to:
Changes in seasons and light exposure
Traumatic events
Panic attacks
Obsessive thoughts
Explanation - SAD is a type of depression related to changes in seasons, typically emerging in fall and winter due to reduced sunlight.
Correct answer is: Changes in seasons and light exposure
Q.25 Which of the following is an example of a psychotic disorder?
Schizophrenia
GAD
OCD
Panic disorder
Explanation - Psychotic disorders involve impaired reality testing, delusions, and hallucinations, with schizophrenia being the primary example.
Correct answer is: Schizophrenia