Q.1 Which of the following is considered a major factor influencing health behavior according to Health Psychology?
Genetic predisposition
Peer pressure
Lifestyle choices
Astrological sign
Explanation - Health psychology emphasizes that lifestyle choices, such as diet, exercise, and smoking, have a direct impact on health outcomes.
Correct answer is: Lifestyle choices
Q.2 Which psychological model focuses on how personal beliefs influence health behaviors?
Pavlovian model
Health Belief Model
Freudian theory
Behaviorist model
Explanation - The Health Belief Model suggests that people’s beliefs about health problems, perceived benefits of action, and barriers to action influence health behaviors.
Correct answer is: Health Belief Model
Q.3 Stress can negatively impact immune functioning through which mechanism?
Increased melatonin production
Elevated cortisol levels
Enhanced vitamin absorption
Reduced sleep latency
Explanation - Chronic stress increases cortisol, which suppresses immune function and can increase susceptibility to illness.
Correct answer is: Elevated cortisol levels
Q.4 Which technique is often used in lifestyle psychology to promote behavior change?
Systematic desensitization
Cognitive restructuring
Goal setting
Classical conditioning
Explanation - Goal setting is a practical intervention to encourage positive health behaviors such as regular exercise, better diet, or quitting smoking.
Correct answer is: Goal setting
Q.5 Which of the following is an example of a protective factor for mental health?
Social support
Chronic illness
Financial stress
Sedentary lifestyle
Explanation - Social support helps buffer against stress, enhances resilience, and improves mental well-being.
Correct answer is: Social support
Q.6 What type of coping strategy involves addressing the problem causing stress directly?
Emotion-focused coping
Avoidance coping
Problem-focused coping
Rumination
Explanation - Problem-focused coping involves taking active steps to remove or reduce the source of stress, such as time management or problem-solving.
Correct answer is: Problem-focused coping
Q.7 Which hormone is associated with feelings of happiness and well-being?
Adrenaline
Cortisol
Serotonin
Insulin
Explanation - Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that contributes to mood regulation and a sense of well-being.
Correct answer is: Serotonin
Q.8 Which lifestyle factor is most strongly associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease?
High sugar intake
Regular physical activity
Extended screen time
Smoking occasionally
Explanation - Regular exercise improves cardiovascular health by strengthening the heart, reducing blood pressure, and improving cholesterol levels.
Correct answer is: Regular physical activity
Q.9 Sleep deprivation primarily affects which cognitive function?
Memory consolidation
Vision acuity
Olfactory senses
Auditory discrimination
Explanation - Adequate sleep is crucial for consolidating memory and learning; deprivation impairs these processes.
Correct answer is: Memory consolidation
Q.10 Which of the following best defines health literacy?
Ability to read medical textbooks
Knowledge and skills to manage one’s health
Access to hospitals
Ability to memorize health statistics
Explanation - Health literacy refers to understanding health information and using it to make informed decisions for personal well-being.
Correct answer is: Knowledge and skills to manage one’s health
Q.11 Which psychological approach emphasizes the role of habits in lifestyle behaviors?
Behavioral psychology
Humanistic psychology
Cognitive psychology
Psychoanalytic psychology
Explanation - Behavioral psychology focuses on how learned habits influence behaviors, including health-related ones, and how they can be modified.
Correct answer is: Behavioral psychology
Q.12 Which of the following interventions is most effective for smoking cessation?
Mindfulness meditation alone
Nicotine replacement therapy combined with counseling
Reading about the harms of smoking
Avoiding smokers entirely
Explanation - Combining pharmacological aids like nicotine replacement with behavioral counseling has the highest success rate for quitting smoking.
Correct answer is: Nicotine replacement therapy combined with counseling
Q.13 What is the main focus of positive psychology in health and lifestyle?
Treating mental disorders
Promoting strengths and well-being
Analyzing childhood trauma
Diagnosing illnesses
Explanation - Positive psychology emphasizes enhancing life satisfaction, resilience, and positive health behaviors rather than only treating illness.
Correct answer is: Promoting strengths and well-being
Q.14 Which of the following is an example of a sedentary lifestyle behavior?
Jogging for 30 minutes daily
Working at a desk for 8 hours without breaks
Cycling to school
Participating in yoga classes
Explanation - Sedentary behavior refers to prolonged periods of inactivity, which can negatively impact health.
Correct answer is: Working at a desk for 8 hours without breaks
Q.15 Which factor is most associated with adherence to a healthy diet?
Taste preference only
Knowledge, motivation, and social support
Availability of fast food
Advertising exposure
Explanation - Successful adherence to healthy eating depends on understanding nutrition, being motivated, and having supportive social environments.
Correct answer is: Knowledge, motivation, and social support
Q.16 Which type of stress is considered beneficial for performance?
Eustress
Distress
Chronic stress
Traumatic stress
Explanation - Eustress is positive stress that can motivate individuals and improve focus, whereas distress is harmful stress.
Correct answer is: Eustress
Q.17 Which intervention is commonly used to reduce anxiety related to chronic illness?
Progressive muscle relaxation
High-intensity interval training
Vitamin supplements
Calorie restriction
Explanation - Progressive muscle relaxation helps reduce physiological tension and anxiety, which is beneficial for people with chronic illnesses.
Correct answer is: Progressive muscle relaxation
Q.18 Which of the following is a psychosocial factor influencing obesity?
Genetic mutation only
Stress and emotional eating
Air pollution
Blood type
Explanation - Psychosocial factors such as stress, depression, and emotional eating play a major role in obesity alongside biological factors.
Correct answer is: Stress and emotional eating
Q.19 Which assessment tool is commonly used to evaluate lifestyle and health behaviors?
MRI scan
Health Behavior Questionnaire
EEG
Blood glucose test
Explanation - Health Behavior Questionnaires help researchers and clinicians understand patterns like exercise, diet, sleep, and substance use.
Correct answer is: Health Behavior Questionnaire
Q.20 Which factor contributes most to resilience in health psychology?
Optimism and coping skills
Height and weight
Blood type
IQ score
Explanation - Resilience is enhanced by psychological factors such as optimism, adaptive coping strategies, and social support.
Correct answer is: Optimism and coping skills
Q.21 Which habit is linked to better mental health and cognitive performance?
Regular physical exercise
Skipping meals frequently
Excessive video gaming
Chronic sleep deprivation
Explanation - Exercise improves mood, cognitive function, and reduces symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Correct answer is: Regular physical exercise
Q.22 Which dietary component is most strongly associated with improved brain health?
Omega-3 fatty acids
Trans fats
Refined sugars
Sodium
Explanation - Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish and flaxseeds, support neuronal health, memory, and cognitive function.
Correct answer is: Omega-3 fatty acids
Q.23 Which approach focuses on changing unhealthy behaviors through reinforcement?
Cognitive therapy
Behavior modification
Psychoanalysis
Humanistic therapy
Explanation - Behavior modification uses principles of reinforcement and punishment to increase desirable behaviors and reduce harmful ones.
Correct answer is: Behavior modification
Q.24 Which factor is key in predicting long-term success of lifestyle interventions?
Short-term motivation
Consistency and habit formation
Initial body weight
Seasonal changes
Explanation - Long-term success depends on creating sustainable habits and maintaining consistency, rather than short-term enthusiasm.
Correct answer is: Consistency and habit formation