Q.1 Which cognitive distortion involves assuming the worst will happen?
Catastrophizing
Overgeneralization
Personalization
Mind Reading
Explanation - Catastrophizing is a cognitive distortion where a person expects the worst possible outcome, often ignoring more likely scenarios.
Correct answer is: Catastrophizing
Q.2 In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, the ABC model stands for:
Affect, Behavior, Cognition
Activating event, Belief, Consequence
Action, Belief, Challenge
Assessment, Behavior, Change
Explanation - The ABC model explains how beliefs about an activating event lead to emotional and behavioral consequences.
Correct answer is: Activating event, Belief, Consequence
Q.3 Which technique is used to challenge irrational thoughts in cognitive therapy?
Exposure therapy
Cognitive restructuring
Free association
Dream analysis
Explanation - Cognitive restructuring involves identifying and challenging irrational or maladaptive thoughts to create more realistic thinking patterns.
Correct answer is: Cognitive restructuring
Q.4 Which psychologist is most associated with the development of cognitive therapy?
Sigmund Freud
Aaron T. Beck
Carl Rogers
B.F. Skinner
Explanation - Aaron T. Beck developed cognitive therapy in the 1960s as a structured, short-term psychotherapy focused on changing negative thought patterns.
Correct answer is: Aaron T. Beck
Q.5 In cognitive therapy, a thought diary is primarily used to:
Record dreams for interpretation
Track automatic thoughts and associated emotions
Monitor physiological responses
Analyze childhood experiences
Explanation - A thought diary helps clients identify automatic negative thoughts and evaluate their accuracy and impact on emotions.
Correct answer is: Track automatic thoughts and associated emotions
Q.6 Which of the following is an example of 'all-or-nothing thinking'?
I failed this test, so I’m a complete failure
Maybe I did poorly, but I can improve
I am sad because of the weather
I did badly but others are worse
Explanation - All-or-nothing thinking involves seeing situations in extremes without recognizing middle ground.
Correct answer is: I failed this test, so I’m a complete failure
Q.7 Behavioral experiments in cognitive therapy are primarily used to:
Test the validity of negative beliefs through action
Analyze past life experiences
Increase memory retention
Develop relaxation skills
Explanation - Behavioral experiments involve clients testing the accuracy of their negative beliefs in real-life situations.
Correct answer is: Test the validity of negative beliefs through action
Q.8 Which cognitive distortion involves blaming oneself for events outside of one’s control?
Personalization
Overgeneralization
Mind Reading
Magnification
Explanation - Personalization is when a person attributes external events to themselves without evidence.
Correct answer is: Personalization
Q.9 Which cognitive therapy technique involves evaluating the evidence for and against a thought?
Thought challenging
Free association
Systematic desensitization
Role play
Explanation - Thought challenging teaches clients to examine evidence supporting and contradicting negative beliefs, reducing cognitive distortions.
Correct answer is: Thought challenging
Q.10 Automatic thoughts are best described as:
Deliberate and logical thoughts
Spontaneous, often negative thoughts
Dream-based insights
Physiological reactions to stress
Explanation - Automatic thoughts occur instantly in response to situations and can be distorted, influencing mood and behavior.
Correct answer is: Spontaneous, often negative thoughts
Q.11 Which therapy is most effective for treating depression according to research?
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Psychoanalysis
Client-centered Therapy
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Explanation - CBT has strong empirical support for reducing depressive symptoms by changing negative thought patterns.
Correct answer is: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Q.12 The 'cognitive triad' in depression includes negative views about:
Self, world, future
Past, present, future
Thoughts, feelings, behavior
Parents, peers, society
Explanation - Beck's cognitive triad highlights negative thoughts about oneself, the world, and the future as central to depression.
Correct answer is: Self, world, future
Q.13 Socratic questioning in therapy is used to:
Lead clients to reflect critically on their thoughts
Analyze dreams
Induce hypnosis
Teach relaxation techniques
Explanation - Socratic questioning helps clients examine the validity and logic of their beliefs through guided questions.
Correct answer is: Lead clients to reflect critically on their thoughts
Q.14 Which cognitive distortion is characterized by drawing broad conclusions based on a single event?
Overgeneralization
Catastrophizing
Labeling
Magnification
Explanation - Overgeneralization occurs when a single negative event is seen as a never-ending pattern of defeat.
Correct answer is: Overgeneralization
Q.15 Decatastrophizing involves:
Helping clients evaluate the realistic outcomes of feared events
Encouraging avoidance
Analyzing childhood trauma
Dream interpretation
Explanation - Decatastrophizing reduces anxiety by challenging exaggerated fears and promoting realistic thinking.
Correct answer is: Helping clients evaluate the realistic outcomes of feared events
Q.16 Cognitive rehearsal in therapy is primarily used for:
Practicing adaptive responses to stressful situations
Free association
Analyzing dreams
Medication adherence
Explanation - Cognitive rehearsal allows clients to mentally practice coping strategies before facing real-life stressors.
Correct answer is: Practicing adaptive responses to stressful situations
Q.17 Which of the following is NOT a typical goal of cognitive therapy?
Changing maladaptive thought patterns
Enhancing problem-solving skills
Exploring unconscious desires
Reducing emotional distress
Explanation - Exploring unconscious desires is more typical of psychodynamic therapy rather than cognitive therapy.
Correct answer is: Exploring unconscious desires
Q.18 Mind reading as a cognitive distortion means:
Assuming you know what others are thinking without evidence
Thinking everyone is watching you
Imagining future disasters
Blaming yourself for outcomes
Explanation - Mind reading involves making assumptions about others’ thoughts or intentions without concrete evidence.
Correct answer is: Assuming you know what others are thinking without evidence
Q.19 Cognitive therapy often emphasizes the role of:
Current thoughts and beliefs
Past unconscious conflicts
Dream symbolism
Group dynamics only
Explanation - Cognitive therapy focuses on present thoughts and beliefs that influence emotions and behavior rather than past conflicts.
Correct answer is: Current thoughts and beliefs
Q.20 Which approach in cognitive therapy involves exposing a client to feared situations gradually?
Behavioral experiments
Systematic desensitization
Thought challenging
Free association
Explanation - Systematic desensitization combines relaxation techniques with gradual exposure to reduce anxiety responses.
Correct answer is: Systematic desensitization
Q.21 Labeling as a cognitive distortion involves:
Assigning global negative labels to oneself or others
Thinking in shades of grey
Ignoring evidence for a belief
Overestimating success
Explanation - Labeling reduces complex human behavior to a single negative descriptor, like 'I’m a failure'.
Correct answer is: Assigning global negative labels to oneself or others
Q.22 Which of the following best describes cognitive-behavioral therapy's approach?
Combining cognitive restructuring with behavioral techniques
Exploring repressed childhood trauma
Using hypnosis to uncover thoughts
Focusing solely on medication
Explanation - CBT integrates both thought-focused (cognitive) and action-focused (behavioral) strategies to address psychological problems.
Correct answer is: Combining cognitive restructuring with behavioral techniques
Q.23 Which statement reflects the concept of selective abstraction?
Focusing on a single negative detail while ignoring positive aspects
Exaggerating the importance of a minor setback
Assuming the worst possible outcome
Blaming yourself for external events
Explanation - Selective abstraction involves magnifying one negative aspect of an event and ignoring the context or positives.
Correct answer is: Focusing on a single negative detail while ignoring positive aspects
Q.24 In cognitive therapy, the role of homework assignments is to:
Reinforce skills learned during sessions
Analyze dreams
Explore past life experiences
Build rapport only
Explanation - Homework assignments allow clients to practice cognitive and behavioral strategies in real-life settings to enhance therapy outcomes.
Correct answer is: Reinforce skills learned during sessions
Q.25 Which is an example of magnification as a cognitive distortion?
I made a small mistake; this is a disaster
I sometimes feel sad
I will try harder next time
Others are not paying attention to me
Explanation - Magnification involves exaggerating the importance or consequences of a minor event.
Correct answer is: I made a small mistake; this is a disaster